Mallory-Weiss syndrome causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamed Diab, MD [2]


Overview

Mallory-Weiss syndrome is caused by severe retching, coughing, or vomiting. It is often associated with alcoholism and eating disorders and there is some evidence that presence of a hiatal hernia is a required predisposing condition.

Causes

Life-threatening causes

  • Seizures
  • Blunt abdominal injury

Common causes [1][2][3]

  • Vomiting
  • Cough
  • Retching

Less common causes[4][5]

  • Gastroscopy
  • Nasogastric tube placement
  • Straining/Lifting

References

  1. Weaver DH, Maxwell JG, Castleton KB (1969). "Mallory-Weiss syndrome". Am. J. Surg. 118 (6): 887–92. PMID 5358896.
  2. Watts HD, Admirand WH (1974). "Mallory-Weiss syndrome. A reappraisal". JAMA. 230 (12): 1674–5. PMID 4548094.
  3. Michel L, Serrano A, Malt RA (1980). "Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Evolution of diagnostic and therapeutic patterns over two decades". Ann. Surg. 192 (6): 716–21. PMC 1344969. PMID 7447523.
  4. Shimoda R, Iwakiri R, Sakata H, Ogata S, Ootani H, Sakata Y, Fujise T, Yamaguchi K, Mannen K, Arima S, Shiraishi R, Noda T, Ono A, Tsunada S, Fujimoto K (2009). "Endoscopic hemostasis with metallic hemoclips for iatrogenic Mallory-Weiss tear caused by endoscopic examination". Dig Endosc. 21 (1): 20–3. doi:10.1111/j.1443-1661.2008.00825.x. PMID 19691796.
  5. Penston JG, Boyd EJ, Wormsley KG (1992). "Mallory-Weiss tears occurring during endoscopy: a report of seven cases". Endoscopy. 24 (4): 262–5. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1009122. PMID 1366134.


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