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* Lobar [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]] on [[chest radiograph]]
* Lobar [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]] on [[chest radiograph]]
* Interstitial infiltrate on [[chest radiograph]]
* Interstitial infiltrate on [[chest radiograph]]
'''Table 1; Differentiating psittacosis from other diseases'''
{| class="wikitable"
!Clinical feature
![[Cough]]
![[Sputum]]
![[Dyspnea]]
![[Sore throat]]
![[Headache]]
![[Confusion]]
![[Diarrhea]]
!Chest radiograph changes
!Hyponatremia
![[Leukopenia]]
!Abnormal Liver function tests
!Treatment
|-
|Psittacosis
| ++
| -
| +
| -
| +++
| +
|Minimal
|
* No changes seen
| -
| +
| -
|[[Doxycycline]]
|-
|[[Chlamydia pneumoniae|''C.pneumoniae'']] pneumonia
| +
| +
| +
| +++
| ++
| +
| -
|
* Minimal changes observed
| -
| -
| -
|[[Doxycycline]], [[Azithromycin]]
|-
|[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae|''M. pneumoniae'']] pneumonia
| ++
| ++
| ++
| -
| -
| -
| -
|
* Bronchial wall thickening
* Centrilobular nodules
* [[Ground glass opacification on CT|Ground-glass attenuation]]
* [[Consolidation (medicine)|Consolidation]]
| -
| -
| +
|[[Doxycycline]]
|-
|[[Legionella pneumophila|''L. Pneumophila'']] infection
| +
| +++
| +++
| -
| +
| ++
| +
|Often Multifocal
| ++
| +
| ++
|[[Doxycycline]]
|-
|[[Influenza (Flu) (For Patients)|Influenza]]
| ++
| ++
| ++
| ++
| ++
| +/-
| +/-
|
* Bi-basal air-space opacities
* Perihilar [[reticular]] and [[Alveolar|alveolar infiltrates]]
| -
| -
| -
|[[zanamivir]], [[oseltamivir]],
|-
|[[Endocarditis]]
| ++
| ++
| +
| -
| -
| -
| -
|
* Hazy opacities at [[lung]]
bases bilaterally
| -
| +/-
| +/-
|[[Vancomycin]]
|-
|[[Coxiella burnetii infection|''Coxiella burnetii'' infection]]
| ++
| -
| +
| +/-
| -
| +/-
|Minimal
|
* [[Segmental analysis (biology)|Segmental]] or [[Lobar pneumonia|lobar]] opacification
* Occasional [[pleural effusions]]
| -
| +/-
|=/-
|[[Doxycycline]]
|-
|[[Leptospirosis]]
| ++
| +
| ++
| +
| +
| ++
| -
|
* Multiple  ill-defined  [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]]  in  both  lungs.
| +++
|
|
|[[Doxycycline]], [[azithromycin]], [[amoxicillin]]
|-
|[[Brucellosis]]
| ++
| -
| +
| -
| ++
| +
| -
|
* Soft [[Miliary TB|miliary]] mottling
* [[Parenchymal lung disease|Parenchymal nodules]]
* [[Consolidation (medicine)|Consolidation]]
* [[Chronic (medical)|Chronic]] [[diffuse]] changes
* [[Hilar]] or [[Paratracheal lymph nodes|paratracheal]] [[lymphadenopathy]]
* [[Pneumothorax]].
| -/+
| +/-
| +/-
|[[Doxycycline]], [[rifampin]]
|}
Key;
+, occurs in some cases
++, occurs in many cases,
+++, occurs frequently


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:41, 27 July 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Legionellosis must be differentiated from other causes of fever, dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, such as bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia, and other causes of atypical pneumonia.

Differential Diagnosis

The following conditions must be considered in the differential diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease: DDx [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [3]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
Radiographic features


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [4] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [5]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
  • Nonspecific
Radiographic features


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [6] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [7]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
Radiographic features


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [8] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [9]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
Radiographic features


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [10] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [11]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
Radiographic features


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [12] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [13]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
Radiographic features


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [14] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [15]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
Radiographic features
  • Alveolar consolidation on chest radiograph
  • Lobar consolidation on chest radiograph
  • Empyema on chest radiograph
  • Increased uptake on gallium scan


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [16] Mahshid Mir, M.D. [17]

Differential Diagnosis
DDx Alphabetic Order
A B
C D
E F
G H
I J
K L
M N
O P
Q R
S T
U V
W X
Y Z


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Clinical manifestations
Laboratory abnormalities
Radiographic features


Table 1; Differentiating psittacosis from other diseases

Clinical feature Cough Sputum Dyspnea Sore throat Headache Confusion Diarrhea Chest radiograph changes Hyponatremia Leukopenia Abnormal Liver function tests Treatment
Psittacosis ++ - + - +++ + Minimal
  • No changes seen
 - + - Doxycycline
C.pneumoniae pneumonia + + + +++ ++ + -
  • Minimal changes observed
 - - - Doxycycline, Azithromycin
M. pneumoniae pneumonia ++ ++ ++ - - - - - - + Doxycycline
L. Pneumophila infection + +++ +++ - + ++ + Often Multifocal ++ + ++ Doxycycline
Influenza ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ +/- +/- - - - zanamivir, oseltamivir,
Endocarditis ++ ++ + - - - -
  • Hazy opacities at lung

bases bilaterally

- +/- +/- Vancomycin
Coxiella burnetii infection ++ - + +/- - +/- Minimal - +/- =/- Doxycycline
Leptospirosis ++ + ++ + + ++ -
  • Multiple ill-defined nodules in both lungs.
 +++ Doxycycline, azithromycin, amoxicillin
Brucellosis ++ - + - ++ + - -/+ +/- +/- Doxycycline, rifampin

Key;

+, occurs in some cases

++, occurs in many cases,

+++, occurs frequently

References

  1. ↑ Ferri, Fred (2011). Ferri's differential diagnosis: a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Mosby. ISBN 978-0323076999.
  2. ↑ Siegenthaler, Walter (2007). Differential diagnosis in internal medicine: from symptom to diagnosis. Stuttgart New York: Thieme. ISBN 978-1588905512.
  3. ↑ Mesko, Dusan (2002). Differential diagnosis by laboratory medicine: a quick reference for physicians. Berlin New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3540430575.
  4. ↑ Reeder and Felson's gamuts in radiology: comprehensive lists of roentgen differential diagnosis. Place of publication not identified: Springer. 2014. ISBN 978-1475781229.
  5. ↑ Burgener, Francis (2008). Differential diagnosis in conventional radiology. Stuttgart New York: Thieme. ISBN 978-1588902757.
  6. ↑ Gattuso, Paolo (2015). Differential diagnosis in surgical pathology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-1455770137.
  7. ↑ "DXplain".
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