Kanamycin: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:35, 6 January 2014

Kanamycin
KANAMYCIN^® Package Insert
Description
Clinical Pharmacology
Microbiology
Indications and Usage
Contraindications
Warnings and Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Overdosage
Dosage and Administration
How Supplied
Labels and Packages

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Kanamycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, available in both oral and intravenous forms, and used to treat a wide variety ofinfections. Kanamycin is isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus.

US Brand Names

KANAMYCIN^® (DISCONTINUED), KANAMYCIN SULFATE^® (DISCONTINUED), KANTREX^® (DISCONTINUED), KLEBCIL^® (DISCONTINUED)

FDA Package Insert

Mechanism of Action

Kanamycin works by affecting the 30S ribosomal subunit and causing a frameshift mutation or it prevents the translation of RNA.

Because of over-usage of antibiotics many bacteria have developed a resistance against kanamycin, and, consequently, it is not used much anymore.

References

Pharmacology

Side effects

Common side effects include changes in hearing (either hearing loss or ringing in the ears), toxicity to kidneys, and allergic reactions to the drug.

Use in Research

Genes encoding kanamycin resistance are commonly used as selectable markers in molecular biology.

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 ==US Brand Names==
 KANAMYCIN<sup>®</sup> (''DISCONTINUED''), KANAMYCIN SULFATE<sup>®</sup> (''DISCONTINUED''), KANTREX<sup>®</sup> (''DISCONTINUED''), KLEBCIL<sup>®</sup> (''DISCONTINUED'')
 ==FDA Package Insert==
@@ Line 36: / Line 32: @@
 ==Mechanism of Action==
+Kanamycin works by affecting the [[30S]] ribosomal subunit and causing a [[frameshift mutation]] or it prevents the [[translation]] of [[RNA]].
+Because of over-usage of antibiotics many bacteria have developed a [[Antibiotic resistance|resistance]] against kanamycin, and, consequently, it is not used much anymore.
 ==References==
@@ Line 47: / Line 47: @@
 ==Pharmacology==
-Kanamycin works by affecting the [[30S]] ribosomal subunit and causing a [[frameshift mutation]] or it prevents the [[translation]] of [[RNA]]. This means that instead of a [[codon]] CAT (for example in sequence CATG), a codon ATG is read by [[aminoacyl tRNA]] (aa-tRNA). Aminoacyl tRNA is consequently carrying a different [[amino acid]], because the [[anticodon]] on the aa-tRNA is different. The [[protein]] needed cannot be synthesized: depending on the site and severity of the frame shift, either a completely different protein is synthesized, or a protein similar to the one needed is synthesized, but is [[Protein folding|folded]] incorrectly.
-A bacterium is destroyed because it cannot produce any of its proteins correctly.
-Because of over-usage of antibiotics many bacteria have developed a [[Antibiotic resistance|resistance]] against kanamycin, and, consequently, it is not used much anymore.
 ==Side effects==
@@ Line 59: / Line 56: @@
 Genes encoding kanamycin resistance are commonly used as selectable markers in molecular biology.
-{{Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents}}
-{{AminoglycosideAntiBiotics}}
-[[Category:Aminoglycoside antibiotics]]
-[[de:Kanamycin]]
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