Jaundice surgery: Difference between revisions

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{{Jaundice}}
{{Jaundice}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{EG}}


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==Overview==
Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with jaundice. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either [[cirrhosis]], [[cholestasis]], and [[liver failure]]. The surgical procedures which are used to treat jaundice include [[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt|transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS)]], [[cholecystectomy]], and [[liver transplantation]].
 
==Surgery==
Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with jaundice. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either:
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*[[Cirrhosis]]
*[[Cholestasis]]
*[[Liver failure]]
 
===Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting===
*[[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt|Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS)]] is bypassing the high flow rate of [[portal vein]] into the [[Systemic vein|systemic veins]].


{{CMG}}
*[[TIPS]] would decrease the pressure over the [[portal system]] and a decreases risk of complications, such as:<ref name="pmid291109902">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lahat E, Lim C, Bhangui P, Fuentes L, Osseis M, Moussallem T, Salloum C, Azoulay D |title=Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt as a bridge to non-hepatic surgery in cirrhotic patients with severe portal hypertension: a systematic review |journal=HPB (Oxford) |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=29110990 |doi=10.1016/j.hpb.2017.09.006 |url=}}</ref>
**[[Splenomegaly]]
**[[Esophageal varices]]
**[[Gastric varices]]
**[[Collateral circulation|Collateral formations]]


==Overview==
=== Cholecystectomy ===
Cholecystectomy or ERCP
* [[Cholecystectomy]] is usually done through [[Laparoscopic surgery|laparoscopic]] route, to treat [[cholestasis]].
* During [[cholecystectomy]], [[gallbladder]] along with contained stones are excised.
* The reason of cholestasis include:<ref name="pmid21206646">{{cite journal| author=Nagral S| title=Anatomy relevant to cholecystectomy. | journal=J Minim Access Surg | year= 2005 | volume= 1 | issue= 2 | pages= 53-8 | pmid=21206646 | doi=10.4103/0972-9941.16527 | pmc=3004105 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21206646  }}</ref>
** [[Gallstones]]
** [[Pancreatic carcinoma|Pancreatic head carcinoma]]
** [[Common bile duct]] stone
** [[Common bile duct]] tumor
* [[Cholecystectomy]] is indicated in patients with:<ref name="urlGallbladder, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf" />
** [[Cholecystitis]] (Acute/Chronic)
** Symptomatic [[cholelithiasis]]
** [[Biliary dyskinesia]]
** [[Cholecystitis|Acalculous cholecystitis]]
** [[Gallstone pancreatitis resident survival guide|Gallstone pancreatitis]]
** [[Gallbladder]] masses/polyps
* [[Cholecystectomy]] contraindications include:<ref name="urlGallbladder, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448145/ |title=Gallbladder, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
** Inability to tolerate [[pneumoperitoneum]] or [[general anesthesia]]
** Uncorrectable [[coagulopathy]]
** [[Metastatic disease]] 


===Liver transplantation===
*[[Liver transplantation]] is indicated in case of [[liver failure]].
*[[Liver failure]] may  be due to any diseases including [[cirrhosis]] or chronic portal hypertension.<ref name="pmid3050180">{{cite journal| author=Starzl TE, Van Thiel D, Tzakis AG, Iwatsuki S, Todo S, Marsh JW et al.| title=Orthotopic liver transplantation for alcoholic cirrhosis. | journal=JAMA | year= 1988 | volume= 260 | issue= 17 | pages= 2542-4 | pmid=3050180 | doi= | pmc=3091380 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3050180  }}</ref>
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Hepatology]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]


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Latest revision as of 16:17, 22 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Overview

Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with jaundice. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either cirrhosis, cholestasis, and liver failure. The surgical procedures which are used to treat jaundice include transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS), cholecystectomy, and liver transplantation.

Surgery

Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with jaundice. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either:

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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting

Cholecystectomy

Liver transplantation

References

  1. Lahat E, Lim C, Bhangui P, Fuentes L, Osseis M, Moussallem T, Salloum C, Azoulay D (2017). "Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt as a bridge to non-hepatic surgery in cirrhotic patients with severe portal hypertension: a systematic review". HPB (Oxford). doi:10.1016/j.hpb.2017.09.006. PMID 29110990.
  2. Nagral S (2005). "Anatomy relevant to cholecystectomy". J Minim Access Surg. 1 (2): 53–8. doi:10.4103/0972-9941.16527. PMC 3004105. PMID 21206646.
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Gallbladder, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf".
  4. Starzl TE, Van Thiel D, Tzakis AG, Iwatsuki S, Todo S, Marsh JW; et al. (1988). "Orthotopic liver transplantation for alcoholic cirrhosis". JAMA. 260 (17): 2542–4. PMC 3091380. PMID 3050180.

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