Jaundice Diagnostic Study of Choice: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{EG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{EG}}
== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Bilirubin plasma level is the [[Gold standard (test)|gold standard]] test for the diagnosis of jaundice. Usually the concentration of [[bilirubin]] in the [[blood]] must exceed 2–3 [[Milligram|mg]]/[[Decilitre|dL]] for the coloration to be easily visible.


== Diagnostic Study of Choice ==
== Diagnostic Study of Choice ==


===== Template statements =====
===== Study of choice: =====
 
* Bilirubin plasma level is the [[Gold standard (test)|gold standard]] test for the diagnosis of jaundice.
=== Study of choice: ===
* Usually the concentration of [[bilirubin]] in the [[blood]] must exceed 2–3 [[Milligram|mg]]/[[Decilitre|dL]] for the coloration to be easily visible.
* [Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
*Laboratory findings consistent with the [[diagnosis]] of jaundice include:<ref name="pmid21250253">{{cite journal |vauthors=Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, Stillman AE |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=21250253 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* The following result of [gold standard test] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
**An elevated concentration of serum total [[bilirubin]]. The upper limit of normal is >1 mg/dL or >1.3 mg/d in some laboratories.
** Result 1
**Jaundice usually becomes clinically apparent when the serum total [[bilirubin]] concentration is greater than 2 to 3 mg/dL, but threshold for clinically apparent jaundice may vary among patients.
** Result 2
*[[Hyperbilirubinemia]] can be further categorized as [[Conjugated bilirubin|conjugated]] or [[Unconjugated bilirubin|unconjugated]]:
* The [name of the investigation] should be performed when:
**[[Conjugated bilirubin|Conjugated]] [[hyperbilirubinemia]]:
** The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1. 2, 3.
***Serum [[conjugated bilirubin]] concentration >0.4 mg/dL (6.8 micromol/L).
** A positive [test] is detected in the patient.
***Direct bilirubin >1 mg/dL (17 micromol/L) if the total [[bilirubin]] is <5 mg/dL (85 micromol/L), or more than 20 percent of the total [[bilirubin]] if the total [[bilirubin]] is >5 mg/dL (85 micromol/L).
* [Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
**[[Unconjugated bilirubin|Unconjugated]] [[hyperbilirubinemia]]:
* The diagnostic study of choice for [disease name] is [name of the investigation].
*** [[Conjugated bilirubin]] is <1 mg/dL (17 micromol/L) if the total [[bilirubin]] is <5 mg/dL, or less than 20 percent of the total [[bilirubin]] if the total bilirubin is >5 mg/dL (85 micromol/L).
* There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name].
* There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name], but [disease name] can be diagnosed based on [name of the investigation 1] and [name of the investigation 2].
* [Disease name] is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation.
* Investigations:
** Among patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most specific test for the diagnosis.
** Among patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most sensitive test for diagnosis.
** Among patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most efficient test for diagnosis.
 
==== The comparison table for diagnostic studies of choice for [disease name] ====
{|
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
! style="background: #FFFFFF; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Sensitivity
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Specificity
|-
! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 1
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |✔
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
|-
! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 2
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |✔
|}
<small> ✔= The best test based on the feature </small>
 
===== Diagnostic results =====
The following result of [investigation name] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
* Result 1
* Result 2
 
===== Sequence of Diagnostic Studies =====
The [name of investigation] should be performed when:
* The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1, 2, and 3 as the first step of diagnosis.
* A positive [test] is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
 
=== Diagnostic Criteria ===
* Here you should describe the details of the diagnostic criteria.
*Always mention the name of the criteria/definition you are about to list (e.g. modified Duke criteria for the diagnosis of endocarditis / 3rd universal definition of MI) and cite the primary source of where this criteria/definition is found.
*Although not necessary, it is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.
*Be very clear as to the number of criteria (or threshold) that needs to be met out of the total number of criteria.
*Distinguish criteria based on their nature (e.g. clinical criteria / pathological criteria/ imaging criteria) before discussing them in details.
*To view an example (endocarditis diagnostic criteria), click [[Endocarditis diagnosis|here]]
*If relevant, add additional information that might help the reader distinguish various criteria or the evolution of criteria (e.g. original criteria vs. modified criteria).
*You may also add information about the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria, the pre-test probability, and other figures that may help the reader understand how valuable the criteria are clinically.
* [Disease name] is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
* There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
 
* The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
* The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
 
* [Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:  
** Criteria 1
** Criteria 2
** Criteria 3
 
IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria:
*The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
*The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
*The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
IF there are no established diagnostic criteria: 
*There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
 
 
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 17:05, 20 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Overview

Bilirubin plasma level is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of jaundice. Usually the concentration of bilirubin in the blood must exceed 2–3 mg/dL for the coloration to be easily visible.

Diagnostic Study of Choice

Study of choice:

References

  1. ↑ Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, Stillman AE. PMID 21250253. Missing or empty |title= (help)

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