Isoetarine

Isoetarine

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
MedlinePlus	a682862
ATC code	R03AC07 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name (RS)-4-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)butyl]benzene-1,2-diol
CAS Number	530-08-5 Y
PubChem CID	3762
DrugBank	DB00221 Y
ChemSpider	3630 Y
UNII	YV0SN3276Q
KEGG	D04625 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1201213 N
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C13H21NO3
Molar mass	239.311 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES Oc1ccc(cc1O)C(O)C(NC(C)C)CC
InChI InChI=1S/C13H21NO3/c1-4-10(14-8(2)3)13(17)9-5-6-11(15)12(16)7-9/h5-8,10,13-17H,4H2,1-3H3 Y Key:HUYWAWARQUIQLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)  (verify)

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Isoetarine (INN) or isoetharine (USAN), trade names Bronkosol and Bronkometer, is a selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist. It can be called the "granddaughter of adrenalin" in the line of beta-two agonists that gave quick relief for bronchospasm and asthma. Adrenalin or epinephrine was the first of these, and next came Isuprel. Isoetharine was the third drug in this line, thus the third generation or granddaughter of the original.

In the western US it was the drug of choice in the late 1970s and early 1980s for nebulization ("breathing treatment") to relieve airway spasm. It generally gave sharp relief of shortness of breath, starting within two to five minutes after the patient began breathing the nebulized mist. This rapid onset is not as clearly present in later drugs.

All of the early beta-two agonist catecholamines used for bronchospasm had strong side effects, with increase in heart rate as the most common and most problematic. This came because its "beta-two effect" was not quite as selective as might be hoped. Beta-one receptors appeared to also be stimulated in some patients, causing cardiac and other CNS side effects. With Bronkosol this effect tended to be transient and usually went away within a matter of minutes after the end of the treatment. Increase in blood pressure also occurred in a small but significant percentage of cases, but also was almost invariably transient.

By the late 1980s isoetharine was largely replaced in the marketplace by Alupent/metaproterenol, which seemed to have slightly less cardiac side effect and lasted a couple of hours longer. Alupent in turn was replaced by albuterol. Some practitioners still believe that these later aerosolized bronchodilators never gave quite as quick of relief from asthmatic shortness of breath as did Bronkosol. Thus they see a continued specialty role in treatment of severe shortness of breath that does not improve in the first five minutes of albuterol treatment.