Infertility resident survival guide

Revision as of 16:58, 1 September 2020 by Sanajan (talk | contribs) (→‎Diagnosis)
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sanjana Nethagani, M.B.B.S.[2]

Synonyms and keywords:

Overview

Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive after one or more years of unprotected intercourse[1]. Infertility is divided broadly into primary and secondary infertility where primary infertility is failure to conceive and secondary infertility is failure to conceive after a previous pregnancy. Multiple factors play a role in conception and infertility such as healthy spermatozoa, regular ovulation, patent fallopian tubes, normal uterine cavity etc.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of male infertility

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Couple with infertility
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Detailed history including
❑ Any history of abdominal or pelvic surgery?
Menstrual history
❑ History of contraceptive use
❑ Obstetric history
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Initial investigations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Urine examination
Complete blood count
Semen analysis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Normal semen analysis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ovarian causes
 
 
 
 
Endometrial causes
 
 
Cervical causes
 
 
Fallopian tube causes
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Methods to detect ovulation
❑ Basal body temperature measurement throughout cycle
❑ Vaginal cytology
❑ Cervical mucus study
❑ Serum progesterone
❑ Serum Lutenizing hormone
❑ Serum estradiol
❑ Urine Lutenizing hormone level
Transvaginal ultrasound
 
 
 
 
Endometrial biopsy
 
 
Cervical mucus study
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

  1. Gnoth C, Godehardt E, Frank-Herrmann P, Friol K, Tigges J, Freundl G (2005). "Definition and prevalence of subfertility and infertility". Hum Reprod. 20 (5): 1144–7. doi:10.1093/humrep/deh870. PMID 15802321.


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