Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms

Revision as of 17:00, 1 November 2012 by WikiBot (talk | contribs) (Robot: Automated text replacement (-mgibson@perfuse.org +charlesmichaelgibson@gmail.com & -kfeeney@perfuse.org +kfeeney@elon.edu))
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X Ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Interventions

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms

CDC on Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms in the news

Blogs on Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms

Directions to Hospitals Treating Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy symptoms

Editors-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Cafer Zorkun, M.D. [2], Caitlin J. Harrigan [3], Martin S. Maron, M.D., and Barry J. Maron, M.D.

Overview

Symptoms

The clinical course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is variable. Many patients are asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. The symptoms of HCM include:

  1. Dyspnea (shortness of breath)
  2. Chest pain (sometimes known as angina)
  3. Palpitations
  4. Lightheadedness
  5. Fatigue
  6. Fainting or syncope
  7. Sudden cardiac death

Dyspnea is largely due to increased stiffness of the left ventricle, which impairs filling of the ventricles and leads to elevated pressure in the left ventricle and left atrium. Symptoms are not closely related to the presence or severity of an outflow tract gradient [1]. Oftentimes, symptoms mimic those of congestive heart failure (esp. activity intolerance & dyspnea), but it must be noted that treatment is very different. To treat with diuretics (a mainstay of CHF treatment) will exacerbate symptoms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by decreasing ventricular volume and increasing outflow resistance.

Risk factors for sudden death in individuals with HCM include a young age at first diagnosis (age < 30 years), an episode of aborted sudden death, a family history of HCM with sudden death of relatives, specific mutations in the genes encoding for troponin T and myosin, sustained supraventricular or ventricular tachycardia, recurrent syncope, ventricular septal wall thickness over 3 cm, hypotensive response to exercise, syncope (especially in children), and bradyarrhythmias (slow rhythms of the heart)[2]

References

  1. Braunwauld E. The Cardiomyopathies, in Braunwald's Heart Disease, 7th ed, D Zipes, et al (eds). Philadelphia, Saunders, 2005
  2. Maron BJ, Cecchi F, McKenna WJ. Risk factors and stratification for sudden cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Br Heart J. 1994 Dec; 72(6 Suppl):S13–8. (Medline abstract) and the Task Force on Sudden Cardiac Death of the European Society of Cardiology link Note: Guideline withdraw

Template:WH Template:WS