Hyperchloremic acidosis
Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Usually the HCO3- lost is replaced by a chloride anion, and thus there is a normal anion gap. Urine anion gap is useful in evaluating a patient with a normal anion gap. In normal anion gap acidosis, the increased anion is chloride, which is measured, so the anion gap does not increase. Thus, normal anion gap acidosis is also known as hyperchloremic acidosis.
Causes
The mnemonic for the most common causes of a normal-anion gap metabolic acidosis is DURHAM
- D- Diarrhea
- U- Ureteral diversion
- R- Renal tubular acidosis
- H- Hyperailmentation
- A- Addison's disease, acetazolamide, ammonium chloride
- M- Miscellaneous (chloridorrhea, amphotericin B, toluene - toluene causes high anion gap metabolic acidosis followed by normal anion gap metabolic acidosis.