Heart murmur historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[2]
Overview
A heart murmur is an unusual sound heard between heartbeats, physicians performed auscultation of the heart by placing their ear directly on the patient’s chest, a technique called “immediate auscultation”. The heart murmurs clearly described in detail by Allan Burns (1781–1813).
Historical Perspective
- Two hundred years ago, in February 1818, Laënnec at the Paris Academy of Sciences discover the potiential application of his stethoscope and one year later he published the work De l’auscultation médiate or Traité du Diagnostic des Maladies des Poumon et du Coeur, in two volumes.[1]
- back to Hippocrates days, physicians performed auscultation of the heart by placing their ear directly on the patient’s chest, a technique called “immediate auscultation”.
- In 1816 Laennec created a paper acoustic device as a stethoscope to examine the chest of a woman with cardiac symptoms. This technique he used called "mediate auscultation.[1]
- In 1628, William Harvey (1578–1657) first treated heart sounds in De Motu Cordis.[1]
- Harvey, in his “visceral lectures” of 1616, compared heart sounds to “two clacks of a water bellows to rayse water.[2] [1]
- In 1715, James Douglas, fellow of the Royal Society of London, heard severe aortic regurgitation murmur from the patient’s bedside.[1]
- In 1757, William Hunter, professor of Anatomy to the Royal Academy, London, described a thrill (“particular vibratory movement”) and a murmur (“bruissement”) of arteriovenous fistula.[1]
- Allan Burns (1781–1813), cardiologist and lecturer on anatomy and surgery at Glasgow, described the heart murmurs clearly and in detail.[1]