Hamartoma classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]{AE}}Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]

Overview

Hamartomas may be classified into different types based on their location, such as; lung (most common), heart, hypothalamus, kidneys, or spleen. Other classifications can consider lesion class, dividing hamartomas into 4 different categories, such as; Bone-forming, cartilage-forming, fiber-forming and benign non–matrix-forming.

Classification

Based on the genetic mutations, hereditary hamartomatous syndromes carry different gene mutations.

Familial inheritance

All the syndromes are inherited in the autosomal dominant manner and are conditioned by mutations in four genes, which are: BMPR1A, SMAD4, PTEN and STK11.

Location

Based on the location, hamartomas can be classified into the following sub-types:

* Bone-forming tumors

* Cartilage-forming tumors

* Fiber-forming tumors

Nonossifying fibroma
Fibrous dysplasia
Mazabraud syndrome

* Benign non–matrix-forming tumors

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