Hairy cell leukemia differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]; Grammar Reviewer: Natalie Harpenau, B.S.[3]

Overview

Hairy cell leukemia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause weight loss, fatigue, splenomegaly, and fever, such as chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prolymphocytic leukaemia, follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma.

Differentiating Hairy cell leukemia from other Diseases


Differential Diagnosis Surface Immunoglobulin CD5 CD22/FMC7 CD23 CD79b CD103

Hairy cell leukaemia

Strongly positive

Negative

Positive

Negative

Positive/Negative

Positive

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Weakly positive

Positive

Negative

Positive

Negative

Positive/Negative

Prolymphocytic leukaemia

Strongly positive

Negative

Positive

Negative

Positive

Negative

Mantle cell lymphoma

Positive

Positive

Strongly positive

Negative

Strongly positive

Negative

Follicular lymphoma

Strongly positive

Negative

Positive

Negative

Strongly positive

Negative


  • Hairy cell leukemia must also be differentiated from other causes of fever, splenomegaly, and fatigue such as:[6][7]

References

  1. Troussard X, Cornet E (December 2017). "Hairy cell leukemia 2018: Update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and treatment". Am. J. Hematol. 92 (12): 1382–1390. doi:10.1002/ajh.24936. PMC 5698705. PMID 29110361.
  2. Sainati L, Matutes E, Mulligan S, de Oliveira MP, Rani S, Lampert IA, Catovsky D (July 1990). "A variant form of hairy cell leukemia resistant to alpha-interferon: clinical and phenotypic characteristics of 17 patients". Blood. 76 (1): 157–62. PMID 2364167.
  3. Abbrederis K, Michlmayr G, Schmalzl F (1979). "[Prolymphocytic and hairy cell leukemias as special forms of chronic lymphatic leukemia]". Acta Med. Austriaca (in German). 6 (5): 226–8. PMID 299012.
  4. Gazitt Y, Polliack A (1987). "Phorbol ester induction of plasmacytoid and hairy cell leukemia features in B-type lymphocytic leukemias: the relation to B-cell differentiation and maturation". Blood Cells. 12 (2): 413–39. PMID 3497682.
  5. Hasselbalch H, Lisse I, Berild D, Videbaek A (February 1984). "Spongy lymphoid myelofibrosis as a predictor of hairy cell leukaemia or a variant of hairy cell leukaemia without hairy cells?". Scand J Haematol. 32 (2): 135–44. PMID 6701458.
  6. Duggan DJ, Bittner M, Chen Y, Meltzer P, Trent JM (January 1999). "Expression profiling using cDNA microarrays". Nat. Genet. 21 (1 Suppl): 10–4. doi:10.1038/4434. PMID 9915494.
  7. Vanhentenrijk V, De Wolf-Peeters C, Wlodarska I (July 2004). "Comparative expressed sequence hybridization studies of hairy cell leukemia show uniform expression profile and imprint of spleen signature". Blood. 104 (1): 250–5. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-01-0181. PMID 15016649.


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