HIV induced pericarditis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]
Overview
Common causes of HIV induced pericarditis include Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Herpes simplex.
Causes
It is often difficult to identify the etiology of pericardial effusion in HIV-infected patients. The common organisms isolated are:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is the most common etiology for pericardial effusion in African HIV-infected patients.[1][2]
- Staphylococcus aureus[3] [4]
- Cryptococcus neoformans[5]
- Herpes simplex[6]
Supportive Trial Data
- A retrospective study[7] of 29 patients with AIDS-related pericardial effusion, who underwent fluid cultures and pericardial biopsy, included the following causes:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1%),
- Staphylococcus aureus (1%), and
- Neoplasms (2% adenocarcinoma and 3% lymphoma)
- Another study that evaluated pericardial effusions in 17 patients with HIV,[8] revealed etiologic evidence in 5 patients of which 2 were found to have lymphoma, and 3 others were found to have either staphylococcus aureus, mycobacterium tuberculosis, or a fungal infection.
References
- ↑ Mayosi BM, Burgess LJ, Doubell AF (2005). "Tuberculous pericarditis". Circulation. 112 (23): 3608–16. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.543066. PMID 16330703.
- ↑ Sudano I, Spieker LE, Noll G, Corti R, Weber R, Lüscher TF (2006). "Cardiovascular disease in HIV infection". Am Heart J. 151 (6): 1147–55. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2005.07.030. PMID 16781213.
- ↑ Stechel RP, Cooper DJ, Greenspan J, Pizzarello RA, Tenenbaum MJ (1986) Staphylococcal pericarditis in a homosexual patient with AIDS-related complex. N Y State J Med 86 (11):592-3. PMID: 3467225
- ↑ Decker CF, Tuazon CU (1994) Staphylococcus aureus pericarditis in HIV-infected patients. Chest 105 (2):615-6. PMID: 8306779
- ↑ Schuster M, Valentine F, Holzman R (1985) Cryptococcal pericarditis in an intravenous drug abuser. J Infect Dis 152 (4):842. PMID: 4045235
- ↑ Freedberg RS, Gindea AJ, Dieterich DT, Greene JB (1987) Herpes simplex pericarditis in AIDS. N Y State J Med 87 (5):304-6. PMID: 3035442
- ↑ Flum DR, McGinn JT, Tyras DH (1995) The role of the 'pericardial window' in AIDS. Chest 107 (6):1522-5. PMID: 7781340
- ↑ Hsia J, Ross AM (1994) Pericardial effusion and pericardiocentesis in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Cardiol 74 (1):94-6. PMID: 8017317