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{{Guillain-Barré syndrome}}
{{Guillain-Barré syndrome}}


{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editors-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]
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==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Guillain-Barré syndrome''' ('''GBS''') is an acute, autoimmune, [[neuropathy|polyradiculoneuropathy]] affecting the [[peripheral nervous system]], usually triggered by an acute infectious process. The incidence is approximately 1.2 - 3 / 100,000 persons per year across the world. It is commoner in males compared to female and has two peaks (15-35 years and 50-75 years). Incidence is similar across different races.
[[Incidence]] vary from 0.4 to 4.0 cases per population of 100 000. In previous studies, Guillain-Barre syndrome [[Mortality rate|mortality]] rate was 2.58%. It can happen in any age group but it’s more common in late adolescence. The reason behind this is that immune suppressor mechanisms will decrease with age. It was demonstrated in one study that the incidence rate for whites were 0.44 and for blacks were 0.28 per 100,000, but it seems that despite all of these, the incidence is similar across different races. It is more common among males compared to females. Male to female ratio 1.5:1.
 
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===USA===
===Incidence===
* It is the commonest cause of '''acute, flaccid''' paralysis in USA.
* [[Incidence]] vary from 0.4 to 4.0 cases per population of 100 000.<ref name="pmid9396689">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hughes RA, Rees JH |title=Clinical and epidemiologic features of Guillain-Barré syndrome |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=176 Suppl 2 |issue= |pages=S92–8 |date=December 1997 |pmid=9396689 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
* Incidence- 1.2 - 3 / 100,000 persons  <ref name="pmid1741839">{{cite journal |author=Day N |title=AIDS and insurer discretion |journal=[[Ohio Medicine : Journal of the Ohio State Medical Association]] |volume=87 |issue=5 |pages=226 |year=1991 |month=May |pmid=1741839 |doi= |url= |accessdate=2012-02-17}}</ref>, <ref name="pmid1187127">{{cite journal |author=Romhányi I |title=[Letter: The concept of "caucasian race"] |language=Hungarian |journal=[[Orvosi Hetilap]] |volume=116 |issue=41 |pages=2449 |year=1975 |month=October |pmid=1187127 |doi= |url= |accessdate=2012-02-17}}</ref>


===International===
=== Case mortality rate ===
* It has been reported all over the world.
* In previous studies, Guillain-Barre syndrome [[Mortality rate|mortality]] rate was 2.58%.<ref name="pmid18443311">{{cite journal |vauthors=Alshekhlee A, Hussain Z, Sultan B, Katirji B |title=Guillain-Barré syndrome: incidence and mortality rates in US hospitals |journal=Neurology |volume=70 |issue=18 |pages=1608–13 |date=April 2008 |pmid=18443311 |doi=10.1212/01.wnl.0000310983.38724.d4 |url=}}</ref>
* The incidence is around 1.5 - 3 / 100,000 persons
* The antecedence of [[Campylobacter jejuni]] is commoner in Japan and other Asian countries. Whereas, in American continents and European nations an antecedence of [[cytomegalovirus]] is common.


==Age==
===Age===
* Incidence increases with age.
* It can happen in any age group but it’s more common in late adolescence.  
* Bimodal distribution - First peak during 15 - 35 yrs and second during old age <ref name="pmid9203708">{{cite journal |author=Prevots DR, Sutter RW |title=Assessment of Guillain-Barré syndrome mortality and morbidity in the United States: implications for acute flaccid paralysis surveillance |journal=[[The Journal of Infectious Diseases]] |volume=175 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S151–5 |year=1997 |month=February |pmid=9203708 |doi= |url=http://www.jid.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9203708 |accessdate=2012-02-17}}</ref>.
* The reason behind this is that immune suppressor mechanisms will decrease with age.<ref name="pmid9396689" />
* New-borns and infants have the least risks of development of GBS


==Races==
===Races===
* Incidence is similar across different races.
* It was demonstrated in one study that the incidence rate for whites were 0.44 and for blacks were 0.28 per 100,000, but it seems that despite all of these, the incidence is similar across different races.<ref name="pmid6681655">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hurwitz ES, Holman RC, Nelson DB, Schonberger LB |title=National surveillance for Guillain-Barré syndrome: January 1978-March 1979 |journal=Neurology |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=150–7 |date=February 1983 |pmid=6681655 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==Gender==
===Gender===
* It occurs more commonly in males compared to females. Male to female ratio 1.5:1
* It is more common among males compared to females. Male to female ratio 1.5:1.<ref name="pmid9396689" />
* The incidence has been found to increase post-partum and decreases during pregnancy <ref name="pmid8817501">{{cite journal |author=Jiang GX, de Pedro-Cuesta J, Strigård K, Olsson T, Link H |title=Pregnancy and Guillain-Barré syndrome: a nationwide register cohort study |journal=[[Neuroepidemiology]] |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=192–200 |year=1996 |pmid=8817501 |doi= |url= |accessdate=2012-02-19}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 16:41, 27 December 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

Incidence vary from 0.4 to 4.0 cases per population of 100 000. In previous studies, Guillain-Barre syndrome mortality rate was 2.58%. It can happen in any age group but it’s more common in late adolescence. The reason behind this is that immune suppressor mechanisms will decrease with age. It was demonstrated in one study that the incidence rate for whites were 0.44 and for blacks were 0.28 per 100,000, but it seems that despite all of these, the incidence is similar across different races. It is more common among males compared to females. Male to female ratio 1.5:1.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • Incidence vary from 0.4 to 4.0 cases per population of 100 000.[1]

Case mortality rate

  • In previous studies, Guillain-Barre syndrome mortality rate was 2.58%.[2]

Age

  • It can happen in any age group but it’s more common in late adolescence.
  • The reason behind this is that immune suppressor mechanisms will decrease with age.[1]

Races

  • It was demonstrated in one study that the incidence rate for whites were 0.44 and for blacks were 0.28 per 100,000, but it seems that despite all of these, the incidence is similar across different races.[3]

Gender

  • It is more common among males compared to females. Male to female ratio 1.5:1.[1]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hughes RA, Rees JH (December 1997). "Clinical and epidemiologic features of Guillain-Barré syndrome". J. Infect. Dis. 176 Suppl 2: S92–8. PMID 9396689.
  2. Alshekhlee A, Hussain Z, Sultan B, Katirji B (April 2008). "Guillain-Barré syndrome: incidence and mortality rates in US hospitals". Neurology. 70 (18): 1608–13. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000310983.38724.d4. PMID 18443311.
  3. Hurwitz ES, Holman RC, Nelson DB, Schonberger LB (February 1983). "National surveillance for Guillain-Barré syndrome: January 1978-March 1979". Neurology. 33 (2): 150–7. PMID 6681655.

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