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**Mutations are associated with multiple deletions in the glomulin gene of chromosome 1p21-22.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860  }} </ref>
**Mutations are associated with multiple deletions in the glomulin gene of chromosome 1p21-22.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860  }} </ref>
**Inheritance is autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860  }} </ref>
**Inheritance is autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860  }} </ref>
==Associated Conditions==
*Glomus tumors of the fingers and toes may be associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.


==Gross Pathology==
==Gross Pathology==
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*On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of glomus tumor include:<ref name=pm>Glomus tumor. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/glomangioma Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref>  
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of glomus tumor include:<ref name=pm>Glomus tumor. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/glomangioma Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref>  
**Branching vascular channels
**Branching vascular channels
**Aggregates of specialised glomus cells
**Aggregates of specialized glomus cells
**Inconspicuous to well-defined nucleoli
**Inconspicuous to well-defined nucleoli
   
   

Revision as of 13:37, 8 January 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2]

Overview

Glomus tumor arises from modified smooth muscle cells of glomus body (or glomus apparatus). Glomus body is a neuromyoarterial plexus in the dermis of skin that is normally involved in thermoregulation.[1] Gene involved in the pathogenesis of familial glomangioma is ''glomulin'' (''GLMN'') gene.[2] *On gross pathology, small (usually less than 1 cm), bluish or whitish, well circumscribed, solitary nodules are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.[1] On microscopic histopathological analysis, branching vascular channels and aggregates of specialised glomus cells are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.[3]

Pathophysiology

  • Glomus tumor arises from modified smooth muscle cells of glomus body (or glomus apparatus).[1]
  • Glomus body is a neuromyoarterial plexus in the dermis of skin that is normally involved in thermoregulation.

Genetics

  • Familial glomangioma is a variant of glomus tumor where the patient presents with multiple glomus tumors.[1] [2]
  • Gene involved in the pathogenesis of familial glomangioma is ''glomulin'' (''GLMN'') gene.[1] [2]
    • Mutations are associated with multiple deletions in the glomulin gene of chromosome 1p21-22.[1] [2]
    • Inheritance is autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance.[1] [2]

Associated Conditions

  • Glomus tumors of the fingers and toes may be associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Gross Pathology

  • On gross pathology, small (usually less than 1 cm), bluish or whitish, well circumscribed, solitary nodules are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.[1]
  • Multiple glomus tumors are usually less circumscribed and less solid than the solitary glomus tumors.[2]

Microscopic Findings

  • On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of glomus tumor include:[3]
    • Branching vascular channels
    • Aggregates of specialized glomus cells
    • Inconspicuous to well-defined nucleoli

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Gombos Z, Zhang PJ (2008). "Glomus tumor". Arch Pathol Lab Med. 132 (9): 1448–52. doi:10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2. PMID 18788860.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Glomus tumor. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/glomangioma Accessed on January 7, 2016.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Glomus tumor. Wikimedia commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glomus_tumour_-_very_high_mag.jpg#/media/File:Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg Accessed on January 7, 2016.


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