Gestational hypertension resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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===Common Causes ===
===Common Causes ===
pathogenesis theories developed about the passable causes:-
Pathogenesis theories developed about the passable causes:-


* [[Insufficient blood flow to the uterus]]
* [[Insufficient blood flow to the uterus or abnormal placental implantation ]]
* [[Damage to the blood vessels]]
* [[Damage to the blood vessels]]
* [[A problem with the immune system]]
* [[A problem with the immune system]]
* [[Certain genes]]
* [[Certain genes]]
* [[Common cause 5]]
* [[platelet activation ]]
* [[hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance]]


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==

Revision as of 19:59, 24 January 2021


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Samah Obiah, MD[2]

Synonyms and keywords: Pregnancy-induced hypertension; PIH; gestational hypertension; pre-eclampsia

Overview

gestational hypertension or Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) , is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >90 mmHg in pregnant woman who had normal blood pressure prior to 20 weeks and has no proteinuria (excess protein in the urine). It is classified as mild , moderate , and severe . It is about 6-10% of pregnancies. The WHO classified it is one of the main causes of maternal, fetal, and neonatal mortality and morbidity[1].gestational hypertension is one of the most common medical disorders affecting pregnancy. The most serious maternal complications of gestational hypertension include intracerebral hemorrhage, eclampsia, and renal failure, as well as hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).[2]Treatment of gestational hypertension depends on blood pressure levels, gestational age, presence of symptoms and associated risk factors.

Causes

The cause of gestational hypertension is unknown. If untreated will be life-threatening, severe gestational hypertension may cause dangerous seizures (eclampsia) and even death in the mother and fetus. Because of these risks, it may be necessary for the baby to be delivered early, before the full term of pregnancy. Some conditions may increase the risk of developing the condition, including the following:


Common Causes

Pathogenesis theories developed about the passable causes:-

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
Pregnant woman

previously normotensive BP ≥140/90 mmHg >20 weeks' gestation absence of symptoms that suggest preeclampsia nulligravidity black or Hispanic ethnicity obesity

mother small for gestational age
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

  1. Kintiraki E, Papakatsika S, Kotronis G, Goulis DG, Kotsis V (2015). "Pregnancy-Induced hypertension". Hormones (Athens). 14 (2): 211–23. doi:10.14310/horm.2002.1582. PMID 26158653.
  2. Marik PE (2009). "Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy". Postgrad Med. 121 (2): 69–76. doi:10.3810/pgm.2009.03.1978. PMID 19332964.


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