Germ cell tumor causes
- The cause of germ cell tumor is not understood fully but there are many risk factors that believed to play a role in the development of germ cell tumors.
- Individuals with Differences of Sex Development (DSDs) are predisposed to gonadal germ cell tumor (GCT)[1]
- To determine the risk of Germ cell tumor in patients with DSDs, we need to categorize DSDs precisely based on karyotype, molecular data, hormonal milieu, external phenotype and gonadal morphology[1]
- Common causes of seminoma may include:[2][3]
- Cryptorchidism
- Undescended testis
- Abdominal testis
- Trauma
- Mumps
- Maternal estrogen exposure
- Genetic Causes
- Seminoma is caused by a mutation in the KIT gene.
- 12p11.2-p12.1 chromosomal amplifications and deletions observed in majority of cases.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pyle LC, Nathanson KL (2017). "A practical guide for evaluating gonadal germ cell tumor predisposition in differences of sex development". Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 175 (2): 304–314. doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31562. PMC 5538907. PMID 28544305.
- ↑ Ferguson L, Agoulnik AI (2013). "Testicular cancer and cryptorchidism". Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 4: 32. doi:10.3389/fendo.2013.00032. PMID 23519268.
- ↑ Merzenich H, Ahrens W, Stang A, Baumgardt-Elms C, Jahn I, Stegmaier C, Jöckel KH (December 2000). "Sorting the hype from the facts in testicular cancer: is testicular cancer related to trauma?". J. Urol. 164 (6): 2143–4. PMID 11061944.