Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Gastrointestinal varices}}
{{Gastrointestinal varices}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{HK}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
There are no abnormal [[echocardiographic]] or [[ultrasound]] findings associated with gastrointestinal varices.
[[Doppler echocardiography|Echo-Doppler]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Findings on an [[Doppler echocardiography|echo-doppler]] suggestive of portal hypertension include lack of increase in [[portal vein]] diameter in response to meals, increased portal [[blood flow]] velocity, and decreased [[portal vein]] cross-sectional area. [[Doppler ultrasonography|Color-Doppler ultrasound]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Findings on an [[Doppler ultrasonography|color-doppler ultrasound]] suggestive of portal hypertension include increased diameter of [[left gastric vein]], increased diameter of [[portal vein]], and increased flow velocity in [[left gastric vein]]. [[Biphasic]] and reverse flow in [[portal vein]] along with re-canalization of [[umbilical vein]] are [[pathognomonic]] for portal hypertension.


==Echocardiography and Ultrasound==
==Echocardiography/Ultrasound==
There are no abnormal [[echocardiographic]] or [[ultrasound]] findings associated with gastrointestinal varices.
{| align="right"
|{{#ev:youtube|lKkmWFm6xSw|500}}
|}
 
=== Echo-Doppler ===
*[[Doppler echocardiography|Echo-Doppler]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Findings on an [[Doppler echocardiography|echo-doppler]] suggestive of portal hypertension include:<ref name="pmid1447502">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sabbà C, Ferraioli G, Buonamico P, Berardi E, Antonica G, Taylor KJ, Albano O |title=Echo-Doppler evaluation of acute flow changes in portal hypertensive patients: flow velocity as a reliable parameter |journal=J. Hepatol. |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=356–60 |year=1992 |pmid=1447502 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
**Lack of increase in [[portal vein]] diameter in response to meals
**Increased portal [[blood flow]] velocity
**Decreased [[portal vein]] cross-sectional area
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
 
=== Color-Doppler Ultrasound ===
{| align="right"
|[[image:Portal vein.jpg|thumb|400px|Portal vein color-doppler ultrasonography-Case courtesy of Dr Maulik S Patel, via radiopaedia.org<ref name="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org. From the case <"https://radiopaedia.org/cases/29199">rID: 29199</ref>]]
|}
*[[Doppler ultrasonography|Color-Doppler ultrasound]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Findings on an [[Doppler ultrasonography|color-doppler ultrasound]] suggestive of portal hypertension include:<ref name="pmid11180179">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yin XY, Lu MD, Huang JF, Xie XY, Liang LJ |title=Color Doppler velocity profile assessment of portal hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension: correlation with esophageal variceal bleeding |journal=J Clin Ultrasound |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=7–13 |year=2001 |pmid=11180179 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlPortal hypertension | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org">{{cite web |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/portal-hypertension |title=Portal hypertension &#124; Radiology Reference Article &#124; Radiopaedia.org |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16052688">{{cite journal| author=Li FH, Hao J, Xia JG, Li HL, Fang H| title=Hemodynamic analysis of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis using color Doppler ultrasound. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2005 | volume= 11 | issue= 29 | pages= 4560-5 | pmid=16052688 | doi= | pmc=4398708 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16052688  }}</ref>
**Diameter and velocity in [[left gastric vein]] are significantly associated with incident of [[esophageal varices]]
**Increased diameter of [[left gastric vein]]
**Increased diameter of [[portal vein]]
**Increased flow velocity in [[left gastric vein]]
**[[Biphasic]] and reverse flow in [[portal vein]] -- [[pathognomonic]] of portal hypertension
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
 
=== Ultrasonography ===
{| align="right"
|[[image:Ascites11.jpg|thumb|400px|Ascites ultrasonography-Case courtesy of Dr Maulik S Patel, via radiopaedia.org<ref name="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org. From the case <"https://radiopaedia.org/cases/29199">rID: 29199</ref>]]
|[[image:Splenomegaly-1.JPG|thumb|350px|Splenomegaly ultrasonography-Case courtesy of Dr Ian Bickle, via radiopaedia.org<ref name="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org. From the case <"https://radiopaedia.org/cases/52825">rID: 52825</ref>]]
|}
*[[Ultrasonography]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Findings on an [[abdominal]] [[ultrasonography]] suggestive of portal hypertension include:<ref name="urlPortal hypertension | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org" />
**[[Splenomegaly]]
**[[Ascites]]
**Re-canalization of [[umbilical vein]] -- [[pathognomonic]] of portal hypertension
**Porto-systemic [[collaterals]]
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
{{WH}}
{{WS}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Revision as of 20:44, 3 January 2018

Gastrointestinal varices Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Gastrointestinal varices from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Guidelines for Management

Case Studies

Case #1

Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound

CDC on Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound

Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound in the news

Blogs on Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound

Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Gastrointestinal varices echocardiography and ultrasound

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]

Overview

Echo-Doppler may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Findings on an echo-doppler suggestive of portal hypertension include lack of increase in portal vein diameter in response to meals, increased portal blood flow velocity, and decreased portal vein cross-sectional area. Color-Doppler ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Findings on an color-doppler ultrasound suggestive of portal hypertension include increased diameter of left gastric vein, increased diameter of portal vein, and increased flow velocity in left gastric vein. Biphasic and reverse flow in portal vein along with re-canalization of umbilical vein are pathognomonic for portal hypertension.

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

lKkmWFm6xSw|500}}

Echo-Doppler








Color-Doppler Ultrasound

Portal vein color-doppler ultrasonography-Case courtesy of Dr Maulik S Patel, via radiopaedia.org[2]









Ultrasonography

Ascites ultrasonography-Case courtesy of Dr Maulik S Patel, via radiopaedia.org[2]
Splenomegaly ultrasonography-Case courtesy of Dr Ian Bickle, via radiopaedia.org[2]











References

  1. Sabbà C, Ferraioli G, Buonamico P, Berardi E, Antonica G, Taylor KJ, Albano O (1992). "Echo-Doppler evaluation of acute flow changes in portal hypertensive patients: flow velocity as a reliable parameter". J. Hepatol. 15 (3): 356–60. PMID 1447502.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Radiopaedia.org. From the case <"https://radiopaedia.org/cases/29199">rID: 29199
  3. Yin XY, Lu MD, Huang JF, Xie XY, Liang LJ (2001). "Color Doppler velocity profile assessment of portal hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension: correlation with esophageal variceal bleeding". J Clin Ultrasound. 29 (1): 7–13. PMID 11180179.
  4. 4.0 4.1 "Portal hypertension | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org".
  5. Li FH, Hao J, Xia JG, Li HL, Fang H (2005). "Hemodynamic analysis of esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis using color Doppler ultrasound". World J Gastroenterol. 11 (29): 4560–5. PMC 4398708. PMID 16052688.

Template:WH Template:WS

References