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| verifiedrevid = 461118216
| verifiedrevid = 461118216
| IUPAC_name = 2,2’,2’’-[benzene-1,2,3-triyltris(oxy)]tris(N,N,N-triethylethanaminium) triiodide
| IUPAC_name = 2,2’,2’’-[benzene-1,2,3-triyltris(oxy)]tris(N,N,N-triethylethanaminium) triiodide
| image = Gallamine triethiodide.svg
| image = Gallamine.png


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              __NOTOC__
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
==Overview==
 
'''Gallamine triethiodide''' ('''Flaxedil''') is a [[non-depolarising muscle relaxant]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Webster's Online Dictionary - Flaxedil | url=http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/Fl/Flaxedil.html| accessdate=2008-12-15}}</ref> It acts by combining with the [[cholinergic receptor]] sites in [[muscle]] and competitively blocking the transmitter action of [[acetylcholine]].<ref>{{ cite web | title=RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - FLAXEDIL | url=http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20(General%20Monographs-%20F)/FLAXEDIL.html| accessdate=2008-12-15}}</ref> Gallamine triethiodide has a [[parasympatholytic]] effect on the cardiac [[vagus nerve]] which causes [[tachycardia]]<ref name="pmid4380161">{{cite journal |author=Morgenstern C, Splith G |title=[Studies on the causes of gallamine tachycardia and its antagonistic modification by beta adrenolytics] |language=German |journal=Der Anaesthesist |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=298–301 | date=October  1965 |pmid=4380161 |doi= |url= |accessdate=2014-09-20}}</ref><ref name="pmid13998750">{{cite journal |author=WALTS LF |title=Ventricular tachycardia with gallamine and cyclopropane anesthesia |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=24 |issue= |pages=119 |year=1963 |pmid=13998750 |doi= 10.1097/00000542-196301000-00024|url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0003-3022&volume=24&issue=&spage=119 |accessdate=2014-09-20}}</ref> and occasionally [[hypertension]]. Very high doses cause [[histamine]] release.
'''Gallamine triethiodide''' ('''Flaxedil''') is a [[non-depolarising muscle relaxant]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Webster's Online Dictionary - Flaxedil | url=http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/Fl/Flaxedil.html| accessdate=2008-12-15}}</ref> It acts by combining with the [[cholinergic receptor]] sites in [[muscle]] and competitively blocking the transmitter action of [[acetylcholine]].<ref>{{ cite web | title=RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - FLAXEDIL | url=http://www.rxmed.com/b.main/b2.pharmaceutical/b2.1.monographs/CPS-%20Monographs/CPS-%20(General%20Monographs-%20F)/FLAXEDIL.html| accessdate=2008-12-15}}</ref> Gallamine triethiodide has a [[parasympatholytic]] effect on the cardiac [[vagus nerve]] which causes [[tachycardia]]<ref name="pmid4380161">{{cite journal |author=Morgenstern C, Splith G |title=[Studies on the causes of gallamine tachycardia and its antagonistic modification by beta adrenolytics] |language=German |journal=Der Anaesthesist |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=298–301 | date=October  1965 |pmid=4380161 |doi= |url= |accessdate=2014-09-20}}</ref><ref name="pmid13998750">{{cite journal |author=WALTS LF |title=Ventricular tachycardia with gallamine and cyclopropane anesthesia |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=24 |issue= |pages=119 |year=1963 |pmid=13998750 |doi= 10.1097/00000542-196301000-00024|url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0003-3022&volume=24&issue=&spage=119 |accessdate=2014-09-20}}</ref> and occasionally [[hypertension]]. Very high doses cause [[histamine]] release.


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It was developed by [[Daniel Bovet]] in 1947.<ref name="pmid12091515">{{cite journal |author=Raghavendra T |title=Neuromuscular blocking drugs: discovery and development |journal=J R Soc Med |volume=95 |issue=7 |pages=363–7 |date=July 2002 |pmid=12091515 |pmc=1279945 |doi= 10.1258/jrsm.95.7.363|url=http://www.jrsm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12091515}}</ref>
It was developed by [[Daniel Bovet]] in 1947.<ref name="pmid12091515">{{cite journal |author=Raghavendra T |title=Neuromuscular blocking drugs: discovery and development |journal=J R Soc Med |volume=95 |issue=7 |pages=363–7 |date=July 2002 |pmid=12091515 |pmc=1279945 |doi= 10.1258/jrsm.95.7.363|url=http://www.jrsm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=12091515}}</ref>


The pharmaceutical is no longer marketed in the United States, according to the FDA Orange Book.
The pharmaceutical is no longer marketed in the United States, according to the FDA Orange Book.


[[File:Flaxedil.png|thumb|left|An ampoule of gallamine.]]
== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|2}}
 
 
[[Category:Muscle relaxants]]
[[Category:Quaternary ammonium compounds]]
[[Category:Phenol ethers]]
[[Category:Drug]]

Latest revision as of 16:24, 20 August 2015

Gallamine
Clinical data
Trade namesFlaxedil
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
ATC code
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC30H60N3O3+3 · 3 I (gallamine triethiodide)
C24H45N3O3 (gallamine)
Molar mass891.529 g/mol (gallamine triethiodide)
423.633 g/mol
(gallamine)
3D model (JSmol)
 ☒N☑Y (what is this?)  (verify)


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Gallamine triethiodide (Flaxedil) is a non-depolarising muscle relaxant.[1] It acts by combining with the cholinergic receptor sites in muscle and competitively blocking the transmitter action of acetylcholine.[2] Gallamine triethiodide has a parasympatholytic effect on the cardiac vagus nerve which causes tachycardia[3][4] and occasionally hypertension. Very high doses cause histamine release.

Gallamine triethiodide is commonly used to stabilize muscle contractions during surgical procedures.

It was developed by Daniel Bovet in 1947.[5]


The pharmaceutical is no longer marketed in the United States, according to the FDA Orange Book.

References

  1. "Webster's Online Dictionary - Flaxedil". Retrieved 2008-12-15.
  2. "RxMed: Pharmaceutical Information - FLAXEDIL". Retrieved 2008-12-15.
  3. Morgenstern C, Splith G (October 1965). "[Studies on the causes of gallamine tachycardia and its antagonistic modification by beta adrenolytics]". Der Anaesthesist (in German). 14 (10): 298–301. PMID 4380161. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  4. WALTS LF (1963). "Ventricular tachycardia with gallamine and cyclopropane anesthesia". Anesthesiology. 24: 119. doi:10.1097/00000542-196301000-00024. PMID 13998750. Retrieved 2014-09-20.
  5. Raghavendra T (July 2002). "Neuromuscular blocking drugs: discovery and development". J R Soc Med. 95 (7): 363–7. doi:10.1258/jrsm.95.7.363. PMC 1279945. PMID 12091515.