Epiglottitis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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[[ear pain]], [[difficulty breathing]], [[headache]], [[dizziness]]. | [[ear pain]], [[difficulty breathing]], [[headache]], [[dizziness]]. | ||
| rowspan="4" | | | rowspan="4" |[[sore throat]], pain on swallowing, [[fever]], [[headache]], [[cough]] | ||
| rowspan="4" |[[neck pain]], [[stiff neck]], [[torticollis]] | | rowspan="4" |[[neck pain]], [[stiff neck]], [[torticollis]] | ||
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|Causes | |Causes | ||
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| | |Parainfluenza virus | ||
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| | |[[Cyanosis]], [[Cervical]] [[lymphadenopathy]], Inflammed epiglottis | ||
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Revision as of 20:38, 19 January 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Prince Tano Djan, BSc, MBChB [2]
Overview
Differentiating Epiglottitis from other Diseases
Epiglottitis must be differentiated from other respiratory diseases and conditions that may cause throat pain and airway obstruction:[1][2]
- Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
- Foreign body obstruction
- Subglottic stenosis
- Pharyngitis
- Tonsilitis
- Angioedema
- Uvulitis
- Retropharyngeal or peritonsilar abscesses
- Bacterial tracheitis
| Variable | Croup | Epiglottitis | Pharyngitis | Bacterial tracheitis | Tonsilitis | Retropharyngeal abscess | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presentation | Cough | ✔ | — | sore throat, pain on swallowing, fever, headache, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting | barking cough, stridor, | sore throat, pain on swallowing, fever, headache, cough | neck pain, stiff neck, torticollis |
| Stridor | ✔ | ✔ | |||||
| Drooling | — | ✔ | |||||
| Other symptoms include difficulty breathing, fever, chills, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness of voice | |||||||
| Causes | Parainfluenza virus | ||||||
| Physical exams findings | Cyanosis, Cervical lymphadenopathy, Inflammed epiglottis | and may have enlarged | |||||
| Age commonly affected | Mainly 6 months and 3 years old
rarely, adolescents and adults |
Used to be mostly found in
pediatric age group between 3 to 5 years, however, recent trend favors adults as most commonly affected individuals[3] with a mean age of 44.94 years. |
Mostly in children and young adults,
with 50% of cases identified between the ages of 5 to 24 years.[4] |
Primarily affects children
between 5 and 15 years old.[5] |
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| Imaging finding | Steeple sign on neck X-ray | Thumb print sign on neck x-ray | |||||
| Treatment | |||||||
References
- ↑ Everard ML (2009). "Acute bronchiolitis and croup". Pediatr. Clin. North Am. 56 (1): 119–33, x–xi. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2008.10.007. PMID 19135584.
- ↑ Cherry JD (2008). "Clinical practice. Croup". N. Engl. J. Med. 358 (4): 384–91. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp072022. PMID 18216359.
- ↑ Lichtor JL, Roche Rodriguez M, Aaronson NL, Spock T, Goodman TR, Baum ED (2016). "Epiglottitis: It Hasn't Gone Away". Anesthesiology. 124 (6): 1404–7. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001125. PMID 27031010.
- ↑ Bennett, John (2015). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1455748013.
- ↑ Sharav, Yair; Benoliel, Rafael (2008). Orofacial Pain and Headache. Elsevier. ISBN 0723434123.