Endometrial hyperplasia natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2]
Overview
The majority of cases of endometrial hyperplasia (except complex atypical hyperplasia) resolve spontaneously with time.[1] If left untreated, 30% of patients with atypical hyperplasia may progress to develop endometrial carcinoma.[2] Malignant transformation into endometrial cancer is the most common complication of endometrial hyperpasia.[3] Prognosis is generally good with treatment.
Natural History
- The majority of cases of endometrial hyperplasia (except complex atypical hyperplasia) resolve spontaneously with time.[1]
- If left untreated, 30% of patients with atypical hyperplasia may progress to develop endometrial carcinoma.[2]
Hyperplasia without atypia tends to spontaneously regress.
- whereas atypical hyperplasias are more likely to progress Terakawa N, Kigawa J, Taketani Y, Yoshikawa H, Yajima A, Noda K, Okada H, Kato J, Yakushiji M, Tanizawa O, Fujimoto S, Nozawa S, Takahashi T, Hasumi K, Furuhashi N, Aono T, Sakamoto A, Furusato M (June 1997). "The behavior of endometrial hyperplasia: a prospective study. Endometrial Hyperplasia Study Group". J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 23 (3): 223–30. PMID 9255033.
- Endometrial carcinoma with concomitant hyperplasia is associated with less aggressive disease.
When an endometrial biopsy or curettage specimen is diagnosed as atypical hyperplasia, the risk of concomitant carcinoma in the same uterus has been reported as 17% to 25% (35–37). However, 2 recent studies have concluded that the concomitant presence of carcinoma in uteri sampled for endometrial hyperplasia is considerably higher.[4]
Complications
Malignant transformation is the most common complication of endometrial hyperpasia.[3]
Complications of untreated or poorly controlled endometrial hyperplasia can be serious. You can help minimize your risk of serious complications by following the treatment plan you and your health care professional design specifically for you. Complications of endometrial hyperplasia include:
Absenteeism from work or school Anemia (low red blood cell count) Cancer of the uterus Inability to participate normally in activities Infertility Menorrhagia (heavy bleeding during your menstrual period)
Prognosis
Prognosis is generally good with treatment for endometrial hyperplasias without atypia.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Terakawa N, Kigawa J, Taketani Y, Yoshikawa H, Yajima A, Noda K; et al. (1997). "The behavior of endometrial hyperplasia: a prospective study. Endometrial Hyperplasia Study Group". J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 23 (3): 223–30. PMID 9255033.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lacey JV, Chia VM (2009). "Endometrial hyperplasia and the risk of progression to carcinoma". Maturitas. 63 (1): 39–44. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.02.005. PMID 19285814.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Endometrial hyperplasia. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/endometrial-hyperplasia-1 Accessed on March 16, 2016
- ↑ Widra, E.A.; Dunton, C.J.; McHugh, M.; Palazzo, J.P. (1995). "Endometrial hyperplasia and the risk of carcinoma". International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. 5 (3): 233–235. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1438.1995.05030233.x. ISSN 1048-891X.