Empyema causes: Difference between revisions
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*[[Fusobacterium]] | *[[Fusobacterium]] | ||
*[[Haemophilus influenzae]] | *[[Haemophilus influenzae]] | ||
*[[Pneumococcal infections]] | |||
*[[Staphylococcus aureus]] | *[[Staphylococcus aureus]] | ||
*[[Streptococcus]] | *[[Streptococcus]] | ||
*[[Streptococcus pyogenes]] | *[[Streptococcus pyogenes]] | ||
Revision as of 16:18, 4 January 2016
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Empyema Microchapters |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Before the development of antibiotics, Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common bug found in empyemas. More recently, however, anaerobes have become the predominant organism in culture positive empyemas (and therefore careful anaerobic cultures should always be sent when working up parapneumonic effusions). Mixed aerobic and anaerobic infections are also common, and virtually any bug can cause an empyema, however different bugs are associated with different rates of empyema formation.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
- Bacteroides
- Fusobacterium
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Pneumococcal infections
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Streptococcus
- Streptococcus pyogenes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |