Ebola history and symptoms

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Ebola Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Ebola from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Algorithm for the Evaluation of the Returned Traveler

Emergency Department Evaluation

Case Definition

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Hospital Preparedness

Checklists

Air Medical Transport

Monitoring and Movement Following Exposure

Primary Prevention

Future or Investigational Therapies

Postmortem Care

Postmortem Care

Case Studies

Case #1

Ebola history and symptoms On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ebola history and symptoms

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Ebola history and symptoms

CDC on Ebola history and symptoms

Ebola history and symptoms in the news

Blogs on Ebola history and symptoms

Directions to Hospitals Treating ebola

Risk calculators and risk factors for Ebola history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Michael Maddaleni, B.S.; Guillermo Rodriguez Nava, M.D. [2]

Overview

Ebola causes a variety of symptoms which may include fever, chills vomiting, diarrhea, generalized pain or malaise, and sometimes internal and external bleeding, that follow an incubation period of 2-21 days. These symptoms are common to all species of Ebola virus, but the different species may present with differences in the severity of symptoms.

History

Ebola hemorrhagic fever should be suspected in patients with acute febrile illness, hemorrhagic symptoms, and a history of travel to an endemic area. Once infection occurs, it commonly takes 2 - 21 days for symptoms to develop. Patients who have fatal outcomes, often develop earlier symptoms, and die between the first and second week of disease from shock and multiorgan failure. Although different species of Ebola virus have different clinical manifestations, a common progression of symptoms is observed:[1][2][3]

  • Incubation Period - characterized by general symptoms, such as: fever, chills, asthenia and headache. Other systemic symptoms are commonly seen. After the incubation period, a pseudoremission phase may be observed, in which a patient's clinical status improves for 24 - 48 hours.
  • Hemorrhagic Stage - characterized by severe symptoms particularly hemorrhagic manifestations

Without treatment, patients' clinical status may deteriorate to the point of shock and multiorgan failure.[3][4]

Symptoms

Once infection occurs, it commonly takes 2 - 21 days for symptoms to develop. Patients who have fatal outcomes, often develop earlier symptoms, and die between the first and second week of disease from shock and multiorgan failure. Although different species of Ebola virus have different clinical manifestations, a common progression of symptoms is observed:[1][2][3]

  • Incubation Period - characterized by general symptoms, such as: fever, chills, asthenia and headache. Other systemic symptoms are commonly seen. After the incubation period, a pseudoremission phase may be observed, in which a patient's clinical status improves for 24 - 48 hours.
  • Hemorrhagic Stage - characterized by severe symptoms particularly hemorrhagic manifestations

Without treatment, patients' clinical status may deteriorate to the point of shock and multiorgan failure.[3][4]


Incubation Period

The incubation period lasts approximately 2 - 21 days and is classically characterized by fever, chills, malaise, and myalgia. Systemic manifestations include:

Skin

Respiratory

Gastrointestinal

Vascular

Neurological

Osteoarticular

Phase 2

Generally preceded by a short pseudoremission period, which lasts about 24 - 48 hours

Haemorrhagic manifestations

Multiorgan failure and abnormalities

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Ndambi R, Akamituna P, Bonnet MJ, Tukadila AM, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Colebunders R (1999). "Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of the Ebola virus epidemic in Mosango, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995". J Infect Dis. 179 Suppl 1: S8–10. doi:10.1086/514297. PMID 9988156.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Bwaka MA, Bonnet MJ, Calain P, Colebunders R, De Roo A, Guimard Y; et al. (1999). "Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo: clinical observations in 103 patients". J Infect Dis. 179 Suppl 1: S1–7. doi:10.1086/514308. PMID 9988155.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Feldmann H, Geisbert TW (2011). "Ebola haemorrhagic fever". Lancet. 377 (9768): 849–62. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60667-8. PMC 3406178. PMID 21084112.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Sureau PH (1989). "Firsthand clinical observations of hemorrhagic manifestations in Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Zaire". Rev Infect Dis. 11 Suppl 4: S790–3. PMID 2749110.

Template:WH Template:WS