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{{Infobox_Disease |
__NOTOC__
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Image          = |
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  DiseasesDB    = 17771|
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|R|42||r|40}}|
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|780.4}}|
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  MeshID        = C10.597.751.237|
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{{Search infobox}}


'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Dizziness}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{MUT}}; [[User:Vendhan Ramanujam|Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S]]; {{Norina Usman}}


{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{MUT}}
{{SK}} Disequilibrium; Vertigo; Unsteadiness; Lightheadedness; Disorientation in space; dizzy; floating; giddiness; giddy; reeling; spaced out; swimmy; weak at the knees; wobbliness; wooziness


==Overview==
==[[Dizziness overview|Overview]]==
Many different terms are often used to describe what is collectively known as [[dizziness]]. Common descriptions include words such as [[lightheaded]], floating, whoozy, giddy, confused, helpless or fuzzy. [[Vertigo]], '''Disequilibrium''' and '''[[Pre-syncope]]''' are the terms in use by most doctors. [[Dizziness]] is sometimes a symptom of a [[balance disorder]].


==Vertigo==
==[[Dizziness historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
{{main|vertigo (medical)}}
''The word "[[vertigo]]" comes from the Latin "vertere", to turn + the suffix "-igo", a condition = a condition of turning about.'' 


[[Vertigo (medical)|Vertigo]] is a specific medical term used to describe the sensation of spinning or having the room spin about you. Most people find [[vertigo]] very disturbing and often report associated [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]]. 
==[[Dizziness classification|Classification]]==


===Otologic causes of vertigo===
==[[Dizziness pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
Typically if the [[vertigo]] arises from the inner ear, it is severe and has associated [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]]. One common cause of otologic vertigo is [[benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]] [[BPPV]]. Alternate causes of [[vertigo]] originating from the inner ear include [[Meniere's disease]] and [[labyrinthitis]].


[[Central nervous system]] causes of [[vertigo]]:
==[[Dizziness causes|Causes]]==


If [[vertigo]] arises from the balance centers of the brain, it is typically more mild, and usually has accompanying neurologic deficits, such as slurred speech, [[double vision]] or [[nystagmus]]. Alternately, brain pathology can cause a sensation of disequilibrium which is an off-balance sensation.
==[[Dizziness differential diagnosis|Differentiating Dizziness from other Diseases]]==


==Disequilibrium==
==[[Dizziness epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
[[Equilibrioception|Disequilibrium]] is the sensation of being off balance, and is most often characterized by frequent falls in a specific direction. This condition is '''not''' often associated with [[nausea]] or [[vomiting]].


==Pre-syncope==
==[[Dizziness risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
[[fainting|Pre-syncope]] is most often described as lightheaded or feeling faint. [[Syncope]], by contrast, is actually fainting. [[Pre-syncope]], or [[lightheadedness]], does not result from primary [[central nervous system]] pathology. Nor does it originate in the inner ear. It is most often cardiovascular in etiology. In many patients, [[lightheadedness]] is a symptom of [[orthostatic hypotension]]. [[Orthostatic hypotension]] occurs when the blood pressure drops significantly when the patient stands from a supine or seated position. If loss of [[consciousness]] occurs in this situation, it is termed [[fainting|syncope]].


===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the causes of Dizziness===
==[[Dizziness screening|Screening]]==
(In alphabetical order)
{{MultiCol}}
*[[1,1,1-Trichloroethane]]
*[[1,4-Dichlorobenzene]]
*[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]]
*[[5-HT3 antagonist]]
*[[Abatacept Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Abciximab (patient information)]]
*[[Acamprosate (patient information)]]
*[[ACE inhibitor]]
*[[Acebutolol (patient information)]]
*[[Aceclofenac]]
*[[Acetaminophen and Codeine (patient information)]]
*[[Acetohexamide (patient information)]]
*[[Acetylene]]
*[[Acetylsalicylic acid (patient information)]]
*[[Aciclovir]]
*[[Acitretin (patient information)]]
*[[Actiq]]
*[[Acyclovir (patient information)]]
*[[Adalimumab Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Adrenal metastases]]
*[[Ajulemic acid]]
*[[Alatrofloxacin Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Albuterol (patient information)]]
*[[Alcohol flush reaction]]
*[[Aldesleukin (patient information)]]
*[[Alefacept]]
*[[Alendronate (patient information)]]
*[[Alfuzosin (patient information)]]
*[[Algophobia]]
*[[Aliskiren (patient information)]]
*[[Alprazolam (patient information)]]
*[[Altitude sickness]]
*[[Altretamine (patient information)]]
*[[Amantadine (patient information)]]
*[[Amifostine Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide (patient information)]]
*[[Amiodarone]]
*[[Amitriptyline (patient information)]]
*[[Amlodipine (patient information)]]
*[[Amnesic shellfish poisoning]]
*[[Amobarbital (patient information)]]
*[[Amphotericin B Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ampicillin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Amyl nitrite]]
*[[Anagrelide (patient information)]]
*[[Anastrozole (patient information)]]
*[[Aneisokonia]]
*[[Anesthesia]]
*[[Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (patient information)]]
*[[Angiotensin II receptor antagonist]]
*[[Aniline]]
*[[Antihemophilic Factor (Human) (patient information)]]
*[[Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant) (patient information)]]
*[[Antihistamine]]
*[[Antimony]]
*[[Antiretroviral drug]]
*[[Aortic Stenosis]]
*[[Aortic valve stenosis]]
*[[Aortocaval compression syndrome]]
*[[Aprepitant (patient information)]]
*[[Aripiprazole (patient information)]]
*[[Arnold-Chiari malformation]]
*[[Asparaginase (patient information)]]
*[[Aspirin]]
*[[Atazanavir (patient information)]]
*[[Atenolol (patient information)]]
*[[Atorvastatin (patient information)]]
*[[Atovaquone (patient information)]]
*[[Atrial flutter]]
*[[Atrial myxoma]]
*[[Atropine]]
*[[Azelastine]]
*[[Azithromycin]]
*[[Baclofen Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Balance disorder]]
*[[Benazepril (patient information)]]
*[[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]]
*[[Benzene]]
*[[Benzodiazepine]]
*[[Benzonatate (patient information)]]
*[[Benztropine Mesylate Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Benzylpiperazine]]
*[[Bepridil (patient information)]]
*[[Bethanechol (patient information)]]
*[[Bevacizumab Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Bezafibrate (patient information)]]
*[[Bicalutamide (patient information)]]
*[[Bifocals]]
*[[Biperiden]]
*[[Bisoprolol (patient information)]]
*[[Bortezomib (patient information)]]
*[[Bosentan (patient information)]]
*[[Bothrops]]
*[[Bromocriptine]]
*[[Bromomethane]]
*[[Brompheniramine (patient information)]]
*[[Budesonide Inhalation Powder (patient information)]]
*[[Bumetanide (patient information)]]
*[[Bupivacaine]]
*[[Buprenorphine]]
*[[Bupropion]]
*[[Buspirone (patient information)]]
*[[Busulfan (patient information)]]
*[[Butabarbital (patient information)]]
*[[Butalbital]]
*[[Butanethiol]]
*[[Butorphanol]]
*[[Cabergoline]]
*[[Cadmium poisoning]]
*[[Cafergot]]
*[[Calanolide A]]
*[[Candesartan (patient information)]]
*[[Capecitabine (patient information)]]
*[[Captopril (patient information)]]
*[[Carbamazepine (patient information)]]
*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
*[[Carboplatin (patient information)]]
*[[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
*[[Cardiomegaly]]
*[[Carisoprodol (patient information)]]
*[[Carteolol (patient information)]]
*[[Carvedilol (patient information)]]
*[[Cefaclor]]
*[[Centrophenoxine]]
*[[Cerebrovascular disease]]
*[[Cervical spondylosis]]
*[[Cetuximab Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Chediak-Higashi disease]]
*[[Chlorambucil (patient information)]]
*[[Chlordiazepoxide (patient information)]]
*[[Chloroform]]
*[[Chloropyramine]]
*[[Chlorothiazide (patient information)]]
*[[Chlorpheniramine (patient information)]]
*[[Chlorpropamide (patient information)]]
*[[Chlorthalidone (patient information)]]
*[[Chlorzoxazone (patient information)]]
*[[Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate (patient information)]]
*[[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]]
*[[Chronic mountain sickness]]
*[[Ciclesonide Nasal Spray (patient information)]]
*[[Cilostazol (patient information)]]
*[[Cimetidine (patient information)]]
*[[Cinacalcet (patient information)]]
*[[Cinchonism]]
*[[Cinoxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Citalopram]]
*[[Cladribine (patient information)]]
*[[Clarithromycin]]
*[[Clemastine (patient information)]]
*[[Clofarabine Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Clofibrate (patient information)]]
*[[Clomipramine (patient information)]]
*[[Clonazepam (patient information)]]
*[[Clonidine]]
*[[Clopidogrel (patient information)]]
*[[Clorazepate (patient information)]]
*[[Codeine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Cogan syndrome]]
*[[Coital cephalalgia]]
*[[Colistimethate Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Colofac]]
*[[Colorectal cancer]]
*[[Concussion]]
*[[Co-trimoxazole Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cyanocobalamin Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cyanogen]]
*[[Cyclobenzaprine (patient information)]]
*[[Cyclosporine (patient information)]]
*[[Cyproheptadine (patient information)]]
*[[Dacarbazine (patient information)]]
*[[Dactinomycin (patient information)]]
*[[Dalteparin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Dantrolene Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Daptomycin]]
*[[Darbepoetin Alfa Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Decompression sickness]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*[[Desipramine]]
*[[Desloratadine (patient information)]]
*[[Desoxyn]]
*[[Dexamethasone Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Dexmethylphenidate]]
*[[Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine (patient information)]]
*[[Dextromethorphan]]
*[[Dezocine]]
*[[Diampromide]]
*[[Diazepam (patient information)]]
*[[Dicofol]]
*[[Dicyclomine (patient information)]]
*[[Didanosine (patient information)]]
*[[Diethylcathinone]]
*[[Diethylpropion (patient information)]]
*[[Diflunisal (patient information)]]
*[[Digoxin Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Dihydroetorphine]]
*[[Diltiazem (patient information)]]
*[[Dimenoxadol]]
*[[Dinoprostone]]
*[[Dioxaphetyl Butyrate]]
*[[Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine (patient information)]]
*[[Dipyridamole (patient information)]]
*[[Disopyramide (patient information)]]
*[[Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Docetaxel (patient information)]]
*[[Dofetilide (patient information)]]
*[[Dolasetron (patient information)]]
*[[Donepezil (patient information)]]
*Dothiepin
*[[Doxazosin (patient information)]]
*[[Doxepin]]
*[[Duloxetine]]
*[[Ebola hemorrhagic fever]]
*[[ECA stack]]
*[[Efavirenz (patient information)]]
*[[Emergency contraception]]
*[[Emtricitabine (patient information)]]
*[[Enalapril (patient information)]]
*[[Enfuvirtide Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Enoxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Entacapone (patient information)]]
*[[Entecavir (patient information)]]
*[[Ephedra]]
*[[Ephedrine]]
*[[Eplerenone (patient information)]]
*[[Epoetin Alfa Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ergotamine and Caffeine (patient information)]]
*[[Escitalopram]]
*[[Estazolam (patient information)]]
*[[Estrogen]]
*[[Eszopiclone (patient information)]]
*[[Etanercept Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ethcathinone]]
*[[Ethchlorvynol]]
*[[Ethoheptazine]]
*[[Ethosuximide]]
*[[Ethotoin]]
*[[Ethylene]]
*[[Etodolac (patient information)]]
*[[Etoposide Oral and Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Eugenol]]
*[[Exemestane (patient information)]]
*[[Exenatide Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ezetimibe (patient information)]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Familial atrial fibrillation]]
*[[Famotidine (patient information)]]
*[[Felodipine (patient information)]]
*[[Fenofibrate (patient information)]]
*[[Fenoprofen (patient information)]]
*[[Fentanyl Citrate Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Fexofenadine (patient information)]]
*[[Fioricet]]
*[[Flavoxate (patient information)]]
*[[Floxuridine (patient information)]]
*[[Fluconazole]]
*[[Fludrocortisone Acetate (patient information)]]
*[[Flunitrazepam]]
*[[Flurazepam]]
*[[Fluticasone Oral Inhalation (patient information)]]
*[[Fluvoxamine]]
*[[Food intolerance]]
*[[Formoterol (patient information)]]
*[[Fosamprenavir (patient information)]]
*[[Fosinopril (patient information)]]
*[[Frovatriptan (patient information)]]
*[[Fulvestrant Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Furfural]]
*[[Furosemide (patient information)]]
*[[Gabapentin (patient information)]]
*[[Galantamine (patient information)]]
*[[Ganciclovir (patient information)]]
*[[Gastric dumping syndrome]]
*[[Gatifloxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Gemcitabine Hydrochloride (patient information)]]
*[[Gemeprost]]
*[[Gemfibrozil (patient information)]]
*[[Giardia lamblia]]
*[[Ginkgo]]
*[[Glatiramer Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Glimepiride (patient information)]]
*[[Glipizide (patient information)]]
*[[Glutaraldehyde]]
*[[Glyburide (patient information)]]
*[[Glycopyrrolate (patient information)]]
*[[Granisetron (patient information)]]
*[[Grayanotoxin]]
*[[Green Tobacco Sickness]]
*[[Grifulvin V]]
*[[Griseofulvin (patient information)]]
*[[Group A streptococcal infection]]
*[[Guanabenz (patient information)]]
*[[Guanethidine (patient information)]]
*[[Guanfacine (patient information)]]
*[[Gulf War syndrome]]
*[[Gyromitra esculenta]]
*[[Gyromitrin]]
*[[H2 antagonist]]
*[[Haemochromatosis]]
*[[Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome]]
*[[Heavy metal ingestion]]
*[[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]]
*[[Hydrazine]]
*[[Hydrochlorothiazide (patient information)]]
*[[Hydrocodone]]
*[[Hydrocortisone Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Hydrogen sulfide]]
*[[Hydromorphone]]
*[[Hydroxychloroquine (patient information)]]
*[[Hydroxyzine (patient information)]]
*[[Hyoscyamine (patient information)]]
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Hyperventilation syndrome]]
*[[Hypervitaminosis A]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Ibandronate (patient information)]]
*[[Idarubicin (patient information)]]
*[[Ifosfamide (patient information)]]
*[[Iloperidone]]
*[[Imatinib (patient information)]]
*[[Imiglucerase Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Imipenem and Cilastatin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Imipramine]]
*[[Immune Globulin Intravenous Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Inappropriate sinus tachycardia]]
*[[Indapamide (patient information)]]
*[[Indinavir (patient information)]]
*[[Indometacin]]
*[[Indomethacin (patient information)]]
*[[Infectious mononucleosis]]
*[[Infliximab Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Influenza Vaccine, Inactivated (patient information)]]
*[[Influenza Vaccine, Live Intranasal (patient information)]]
*[[Insulin lispro injection (patient information)]]
*[[Interferon Alfa-2a and Alfa-2b Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Interferon Alfacon-1 Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Interferon beta-1a Intramuscular Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Iodomethane]]
*[[Ipratropium Oral Inhalation (patient information)]]
*[[Irbesartan (patient information)]]
*[[Isocarboxazid (patient information)]]
*[[Isopropyl alcohol]]
*[[Isoproterenol Oral Inhalation (patient information)]]
*[[Isosorbide (patient information)]]
*[[Isoxsuprine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Isradipine (patient information)]]
*[[Itraconazole (patient information)]]
*[[Ivabradine]]
*[[Kaopectate]]
*[[Ketorolac]]
*[[Labetalol Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Labyrinthitis]]
*Lacosamide
*[[Lamivudine (patient information)]]
*[[Lamotrigine (patient information)]]
*[[Lanthanum (patient information)]]
*[[L-DOPA]]
*[[Lead]]
*[[Leflunomide (patient information)]]
*[[Letrozole (patient information)]]
*[[Leukemia]]
*[[Leuprolide (patient information)]]
*[[Levalbuterol Oral Inhalation (patient information)]]
*[[Levetiracetam (patient information)]]
*[[Levobupivacaine]]
*[[Levodopa and Carbidopa (patient information)]]
*[[Levofloxacin Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Levomethadyl (patient information)]]
*[[Levorphanol Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Lidocaine]]
*[[Lindane (patient information)]]
*[[Lisinopril (patient information)]]
*[[Lithium]]
*[[Lomotil]]
*[[Lomustine (patient information)]]
*[[Loop diuretic]]
*[[Loratadine (patient information)]]
*[[Lorazepam (patient information)]]
*[[Losartan]]
*[[Losartan (patient information)]]
*[[Loxapine Oral (patient information)]]
*Lysuride
*[[Magnesium gluconate (patient information)]]
*[[Magnesium oxide (patient information)]]
*Mal de debarquement syndrome
*[[Malaria prophylaxis]]
*[[Maprotiline]]
*[[Marburg hemorrhagic fever]]
*[[Marine toxins]]
*[[Mebutamate]]
*[[Mechlorethamine (patient information)]]
*[[Medroxyprogesterone (patient information)]]
*[[Medulloblastoma]]
*[[Mefenamic Acid (patient information)]]
*[[Mefloquine (patient information)]]
*[[Megestrol (patient information)]]
*[[Melphalan (patient information)]]
*[[Memantine]]
*[[Ménière's disease]]
*[[Meperidine (patient information)]]
*[[Mercaptopurine]]
*[[Meropenem Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Mesoridazine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Metaproterenol (patient information)]]
*[[Metaxalone (patient information)]]
*[[Metethoheptazine]]
*[[Metformin (patient information)]]
*[[Methemoglobinemia]]
*[[Metheptazine]]
*[[Methimazole (patient information)]]
*[[Methocarbamol Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Methotrexate (patient information)]]
*[[Methoxsalen]]
*[[Methyclothiazide (patient information)]]
*[[Methyldopa]]
*[[Methylergonovine]]
*[[Methylphenidate]]
*[[Methylprednisolone Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Methyprylon]]
*[[Metipranolol Ophthalmic (patient information)]]
*[[Metoclopramide]]
*[[Metolachlor]]
*[[Metolazone (patient information)]]
*[[Metoprolol (patient information)]]
*[[Metronidazole]]
*[[Mexiletine]]
*[[Midazolam]]
*[[Mifepristone]]
*[[Miglitol (patient information)]]
*[[Minocycline Injection]]
*[[Minoxidil Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Mitomycin (patient information)]]
*[[Modafinil (patient information)]]
*[[Moexipril (patient information)]]
*[[Moricizine (patient information)]]
*[[Morphine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Motion sickness]]
*[[Motofen]]
*[[Moxonidine]]
*[[Multi-infarct dementia]]
*[[Multiple chemical sensitivity]]
*[[Multiple sclerosis]]
*[[Multiple system atrophy]]
*[[Mushroom poisoning]]
*[[Mycophenolate (patient information)]]
*[[Nabilone (patient information)]]
*[[Nabumetone (patient information)]]
*[[Nadolol (patient information)]]
*[[Nalbuphine]]
*[[Nalmefene]]
*[[Naratriptan (patient information)]]
*[[Natalizumab injection (patient information)]]
*[[Nateglinide oral (patient information)]]
*[[Nebivolol]]
*[[Nelfinavir (patient information)]]
*[[N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate]]
*[[Neuroglycopenia]]
*[[Nevirapine (patient information)]]
*[[Niaprazine]]
*[[Nicardipine (patient information)]]
*[[Nicotine gum (patient information)]]
*[[Nicotine lozenges (patient information)]]
*[[Nifedipine (patient information)]]
*[[Nilutamide (patient information)]]
*[[Nimodipine (patient information)]]
*[[Nisoldipine (patient information)]]
*[[Nitrazepam]]
*[[Nitrous oxide]]
*[[Nizatidine (patient information)]]
*[[N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate]]
*[[Norethindrone (patient information)]]
*[[Norplant]]
*[[Nutmeg]]
*[[Ofloxacin oral (patient information)]]
*[[Olanzapine (patient information)]]
*[[Olmesartan (patient information)]]
*[[Omalizumab injection (patient information)]]
*[[Omeprazole (patient information)]]
*[[Ondansetron (patient information)]]
*[[Opioid]]
*[[Orphenadrine (patient information)]]
*[[Orthostatic hypotension]]
*[[Oscillopsia]]
*[[Oseltamivir (patient information)]]
*[[Otitis externa]]
*[[Oxacillin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Oxaliplatin injection (patient information)]]
*[[Oxamniquine]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Oxazepam (patient information)]]
*[[Oxcarbazepine (patient information)]]
*[[Oxybutynin (patient information)]]
*[[Oxygen toxicity]]
*[[Paclitaxel (patient information)]]
*[[Paliperidone (patient information)]]
*[[Pamidronate injection (patient information)]]
*[[Panic disorder]]
*[[Parkinson's disease]]
*[[Paroxetine]]
*[[Pegaspargase (patient information)]]
*[[Peginterferon alfa-2a (patient information)]]
*[[Peginterferon alfa-2b (patient information)]]
*[[Pemetrexed injection (patient information)]]
*[[Pemoline (patient information)]]
*[[Penbutolol (patient information)]]
*[[Pentamidine]]
*[[Pentazocine and naloxone (patient information)]]
*[[Pentosan polysulfate (patient information)]]
*[[Pentostatin (patient information)]]
*[[Pentoxifylline (patient information)]]
*[[Pergolide (patient information)]]
*[[Perhexiline]]
*[[Perindopril (patient information)]]
*[[Peripheral Arterial Disease]]
*[[Perphenazine oral (patient information)]]
*[[Phenampromide]]
*[[Phenazepam]]
*[[Phenazopyridine (patient information)]]
*[[Phenelzine]]
*[[Phenobarbital]]
*[[Phenoxybenzamine (patient information)]]
*[[Phentermine]]
*[[Phenylephrine (patient information)]]
*[[Phenytoin]]
*[[Pholcodine]]
*[[Pilocarpine ophthalmic (patient information)]]
*[[Pimozide (patient information)]]
*[[Pindolol (patient information)]]
*[[Pioglitazone (patient information)]]
*[[Pirbuterol acetate oral inhalation (patient information)]]
*[[Piribedil]]
*[[Piroxicam]]
*[[Pizotifen]]
*[[Plicamycin (patient information)]]
*[[Polycythemia]]
*[[Posaconazole (patient information)]]
*[[Post-concussion syndrome]]
*Posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome
*[[Pramipexole (patient information)]]
*[[Pramlintide injection (patient information)]]
*[[Prazepam (patient information)]]
*[[Praziquantel]]
*[[Prazosin (patient information)]]
*[[Pregabalin]]
*[[Pregabalin (patient information)]]
*[[Pregnancy]]
*[[Primaquine (patient information)]]
*[[Probenecid (patient information)]]
*[[Procainamide (patient information)]]
*[[Procarbazine (patient information)]]
*[[Proctitis]]
*[[Proheptazine]]
*[[Promethazine]]
*[[Propafenone]]
*[[Propantheline (patient information)]]
*[[Propiram]]
*[[Propoxyphene (patient information)]]
*[[Propranolol Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Propylthiouracil (patient information)]]
*[[Protriptyline (patient information)]]
*[[Pseudoephedrine]]
*Psychiatric conditions
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Pulmonary valve stenosis]]
*[[Pure autonomic failure]]
*[[Quazepam]]
*[[Quetiapine]]
*[[Quinapril]]
*[[Quinethazone]]
*[[Quinidine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Quinoline]]
*[[Rabeprazole (patient information)]]
*[[Ramelteon (patient information)]]
*[[Ramipril]]
*[[Ranibizumab injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ranitidine hydrochloride injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ranolazine (patient information)]]
*[[Rasagiline (patient information)]]
*[[Reactive hypoglycemia]]
*[[Reboxetine]]
*Remacemide
*[[Remifentanil]]
*[[Repaglinide (patient information)]]
*[[Reserpine]]
*[[Respiratory alkalosis]]
*[[Ribavirin (patient information)]]
*[[Rift Valley fever]]
*[[Riluzole (patient information)]]
*[[Risedronate (patient information)]]
*[[Risperidone (patient information)]]
*[[Ritonavir (patient information)]]
*[[Rituximab injection (patient information)]]
*[[Rivastigmine (patient information)]]
*[[Rizatriptan (patient information)]]
*[[Roflumilast]]
*[[Ropinirole (patient information)]]
*[[Ropivacaine]]
*[[Rosiglitazone (patient information)]]
*[[Rosuvastatin (patient information)]]
*[[Roxithromycin]]
*[[Rubbing alcohol]]
*[[Salmeterol oral inhalation (patient information)]]
*[[Salsalate (patient information)]]
*[[Saquinavir (patient information)]]
*[[Sargramostim injection (patient information)]]
*[[Scombroid food poisoning]]
*[[Scopolamine patch (patient information)]]
*[[Secobarbital]]
*[[Second Degree AV Block]]
*[[Selegiline (patient information)]]
*[[Shock]]
*[[Sibutramine (patient information)]]
*[[Sick building syndrome]]
*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]
*[[Sildenafil (patient information)]]
*[[Sinus bradycardia]]
*[[Sitaxsentan]]
*[[Sleep deprivation]]
*[[Sodium oxybate (patient information)]]
*[[Sodium stibogluconate]]
*[[Solanine]]
*[[Solifenacin (patient information)]]
*[[Sotalol (patient information)]]
*[[Sparfloxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Spironolactone (patient information)]]
*[[SSRI discontinuation syndrome]]
*[[Staphylococcal enteritis]]
*[[Stendhal syndrome]]
*[[Stimulant laxatives (patient information)]]
*[[Subdural hematoma]]
*[[Sulfadiazine (patient information)]]
*[[Sulfisoxazole (patient information)]]
*[[Sulindac (patient information)]]
*Sulprostone
*[[Sumatriptan]]
*[[Superior canal dehiscence]]
*[[Supraventricular tachycardia]]
*[[Suspension trauma]]
*[[Syncope]]
*[[Syringobulbia]]
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Takayasu arteritis]]
*[[Tamoxifen (patient information)]]
*[[Tamsulosin (patient information)]]
*[[Tapentadol]]
*[[Tegaserod (patient information)]]
*[[Telbivudine (patient information)]]
*[[Telithromycin (patient information)]]
*[[Telmisartan (patient information)]]
*[[Temazepam]]
*[[Temozolomide (patient information)]]
*[[Teniposide (patient information)]]
*[[Terbutaline (patient information)]]
*[[Teriparatide (rDNA origin) Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Testicular torsion]]
*[[Testosterone Transdermal (patient information)]]
*[[Tetrabenazine]]
*[[Tetrahydrocannabinol]]
*[[Thiabendazole]]
*[[Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency]]
*[[Thioridazine (patient information)]]
*[[Thiotepa (patient information)]]
*[[Thiothixene Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Tiagabine]]
*[[Tianeptine]]
*[[Ticarcillin Disodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Tiludronate (patient information)]]
*[[Timolol Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Tinidazole]]
*[[Tizanidine (patient information)]]
*[[Tocainide (patient information)]]
*[[Tolazamide (patient information)]]
*[[Tolbutamide (patient information)]]
*[[Tolcapone (patient information)]]
*[[Topiramate]]
*[[Topotecan Hydrochloride (patient information)]]
*[[Torsemide Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Tralomethrin]]
*[[Tramadol]]
*[[Trandolapril]]
*[[Transient ischaemic attack]]
*[[Tranylcypromine (patient information)]]
*[[Trastuzumab (patient information)]]
*[[Trazodone]]
*[[Treprostinil]]
*[[Triamcinolone Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Triamterene]]
*[[Triazolam (patient information)]]
*[[Trichloroethylene]]
*[[Triclofos]]
*[[Tricyclic antidepressant]]
*[[Trifluoperazine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Trihexyphenidyl (patient information)]]
*[[Trimeprazine (patient information)]]
*[[Trimetazidine]]
*[[Trimethobenzamide (patient information)]]
*[[Trimetrexate Glucuronate (patient information)]]
*[[Trimipramine (patient information)]]
*[[Tripelennamine]]
*[[Tropisetron]]
*[[Trovafloxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Tularemia]]
*[[Tunnel vision]]
*[[Vagal episode]]
*[[Valaciclovir]]
*[[Valganciclovir (patient information)]]
*[[Valproic acid]]
*[[Valsartan]]
*[[Vancomycin]]
*[[Vardenafil (patient information)]]
*[[Venlafaxine]]
*[[Verapamil]]
*[[Vertigo]]
*[[Vestibular neuronitis]]
*[[Vicodin]]
*[[Vigabatrin]]
*[[Vinyl chloride]]
*[[Viral Hemorrhagic Fever]]
*[[Voriconazole (patient information)]]
*[[Vorinostat (patient information)]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome]]
*[[Yellow Fever]]
*[[Zaleplon (patient information)]]
*[[Zanamivir Inhalation (patient information)]]
*[[Ziconotide]]
*[[Zidovudine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Zileuton (patient information)]]
*[[Ziprasidone (patient information)]]
*[[Zoledronic Acid Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Zolmitriptan Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Zolpidem (patient information)]]
*[[Zonisamide (patient information)]]
*[[Zopiclone]]
{{EndMultiCol}}


===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Dizziness===
==[[Dizziness natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
(By organ system)
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |
[[Aortic Stenosis]],
[[Aortic valve stenosis]],
[[Atrial flutter]],
[[Atrial myxoma]],
[[Cardiac amyloidosis]],
[[Cardiomegaly]],
[[Cerebrovascular disease]],
[[Familial atrial fibrillation]],
[[Hypertension]],
[[Inappropriate sinus tachycardia]],
[[Peripheral Arterial Disease]],
[[Pulmonary hypertension]],
[[Pulmonary valve stenosis]],
[[Second Degree AV Block]],
[[Sick sinus syndrome]],
[[Sinus bradycardia]],
[[Supraventricular tachycardia]],
[[Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome]],


|-
==Diagnosis==
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
[[Dizziness diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic study of choice]] | [[Dizziness history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Dizziness physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Dizziness laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Dizziness electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Dizziness x ray|X-Ray Findings]] | [[Dizziness echocardiography and ultrasound|Echocardiography and Ultrasound]] | [[Dizziness CT scan|CT-Scan Findings]] | [[Dizziness MRI|MRI Findings]] | [[Dizziness other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Dizziness other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Alcohol flush reaction]],
[[Amnesic shellfish poisoning]],
[[Amyl nitrite]],
[[Antimony]],
[[Bromomethane]],
[[Bothrops]],
[[Cadmium poisoning]],
[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]],
[[Cyanogen]],
[[Ephedra]],
[[Ethylene]],
[[Furfural]],
[[Ginkgo]],
[[Green Tobacco Sickness]],
[[Heavy metal ingestion]],
[[Hydrazine]],
[[Lead]],
[[Marine toxins]],
[[Mushroom poisoning]],
[[Norplant]],
[[Nutmeg]],
[[Opioid]],
[[Scombroid food poisoning]],
[[Rubbing alcohol]],
[[Solanine]],
[[Trichloroethylene]],


|-
==Treatment==
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
[[Dizziness medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Dizziness interventions|Interventions]] | [[Dizziness surgery|Surgery]] | [[Dizziness primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Dizziness secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Dizziness cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Dizziness future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[1,1,1-Trichloroethane]],
[[1,4-Dichlorobenzene]],
[[3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate]],
[[5-HT3 antagonist]],
[[Abatacept Injection (patient information)]],
[[Abciximab (patient information)]],
[[Acamprosate (patient information)]],
[[Acebutolol (patient information)]],
[[Aceclofenac]],
[[Acetaminophen and Codeine (patient information)]],
[[Acetohexamide (patient information)]],
[[Acetylsalicylic acid (patient information)]],
[[Acitretin (patient information)]],
[[Aciclovir]],
[[Actiq]],
[[Acyclovir (patient information)]],
[[Adalimumab Injection (patient information)]],
[[Ajulemic acid]],
[[Alatrofloxacin Injection (patient information)]],
[[Albuterol (patient information)]],
[[Aldesleukin (patient information)]],
[[Alendronate (patient information)]],
[[Alfuzosin (patient information)]],
[[Aliskiren (patient information)]],
[[Alprazolam (patient information)]],
[[Altretamine (patient information)]],
[[Amantadine (patient information)]],
[[Amifostine Injection (patient information)]],
[[Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide (patient information)]],
[[Amiodarone]],
[[Amitriptyline (patient information)]],
[[Amlodipine (patient information)]],
[[Amobarbital (patient information)]],
[[Amphotericin B Injection (patient information)]],
[[Ampicillin Sodium Injection (patient information)]],
[[Anagrelide (patient information)]],
[[Anastrozole (patient information)]],
[[Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (patient information)]],
[[Antihemophilic Factor (Human) (patient information)]],
[[Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant) (patient information)]],
[[Aprepitant (patient information)]],
[[Aripiprazole (patient information)]],
[[Asparaginase (patient information)]],
[[Atazanavir (patient information)]],
[[Atenolol (patient information)]],
[[Atorvastatin (patient information)]],
[[Atovaquone (patient information)]],
[[Azelastine]],
[[Azithromycin]],
[[Baclofen Oral (patient information)]],
[[Benazepril (patient information)]],
[[Benzodiazepine]],
[[Benzonatate (patient information)]],
[[Benztropine Mesylate Oral (patient information)]],
[[Bepridil (patient information)]],
[[Bethanechol (patient information)]],
[[Bevacizumab Injection (patient information)]],
[[Bezafibrate (patient information)]],
[[Bicalutamide (patient information)]],
[[Biperiden]],
[[Bisoprolol (patient information)]],
[[Bortezomib (patient information)]],
[[Bosentan (patient information)]],
[[Bromocriptine]],
[[Brompheniramine (patient information)]],
[[Budesonide Inhalation Powder (patient information)]],
[[Bumetanide (patient information)]],
[[Buspirone (patient information)]],
[[Busulfan (patient information)]],
[[Bupivacaine]],
[[Buprenorphine]],
[[Bupropion]],
[[Butalbital]],
[[Butanethiol]],
[[Butorphanol]],
[[Butabarbital (patient information)]],
[[Cabergoline]],
[[Cafergot]],
[[Calanolide A]],
[[Candesartan (patient information)]],
[[Capecitabine (patient information)]],
[[Captopril (patient information)]],
[[Carbamazepine (patient information)]],
[[Carboplatin (patient information)]],
[[Carisoprodol (patient information)]],
[[Carteolol (patient information)]],
[[Carvedilol (patient information)]],
[[Cefaclor]],
[[Centrophenoxine]],
[[Cetuximab Injection (patient information)]],
[[Chlorambucil (patient information)]],
[[Chlordiazepoxide (patient information)]],
[[Chloroform]],
[[Chlorothiazide (patient information)]],
[[Chlorpheniramine (patient information)]],
[[Chlorpropamide (patient information)]],
[[Chloropyramine]],
[[Chlorthalidone (patient information)]],
[[Chlorzoxazone (patient information)]],
[[Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate (patient information)]],
[[Ciclesonide Nasal Spray (patient information)]],
[[Cilostazol (patient information)]],
[[Cimetidine (patient information)]],
[[Cinacalcet (patient information)]],
[[Cinoxacin (patient information)]],
[[Citalopram]],
[[Cladribine (patient information)]],
[[Clarithromycin]],
[[Clemastine (patient information)]],
[[Clofarabine Injection (patient information)]],
[[Clofibrate (patient information)]],
[[Clomipramine (patient information)]],
[[Clonazepam (patient information)]],
[[Clonidine]],
[[Clopidogrel (patient information)]],
[[Clorazepate (patient information)]],
[[Codeine Oral (patient information)]],
[[Colistimethate Injection (patient information)]],
[[Colofac]],
[[Co-trimoxazole Injection (patient information)]],
[[Cyanocobalamin Injection (patient information)]],
[[Cyclobenzaprine (patient information)]],
[[Cyclosporine (patient information)]],
[[Cyproheptadine (patient information)]],
[[Dacarbazine (patient information)]],
[[Dactinomycin (patient information)]],
[[Dalteparin Sodium Injection (patient information)]],
[[Dantrolene Oral (patient information)]],
[[Daptomycin]],
[[Darbepoetin Alfa Injection (patient information)]],
[[Desipramine]],
[[Desoxyn]],
[[Dexmethylphenidate]],
[[Dextromethorphan]],
[[Dezocine]],
[[Desloratadine (patient information)]],
[[Dexamethasone Oral (patient information)]],
[[Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine (patient information)]],
[[Diazepam (patient information)]],
[[Diampromide]],
[[Dicofol]],
[[Diethylcathinone]],
[[Dihydroetorphine]],
[[Dimenoxadol]],
[[Dinoprostone]],
[[Dioxaphetyl Butyrate]],
[[Dicyclomine (patient information)]],
[[Didanosine (patient information)]],
[[Diethylpropion (patient information)]],
[[Diflunisal (patient information)]],
[[Digoxin Oral (patient information)]],
[[Diltiazem (patient information)]],
[[Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTaP) Vaccine (patient information)]],
[[Dipyridamole (patient information)]],
[[Disopyramide (patient information)]],
[[Dobutamine Hydrochloride Injection (patient information)]],
[[Docetaxel (patient information)]],
[[Dofetilide (patient information)]],
[[Dolasetron (patient information)]],
[[Donepezil (patient information)]],
Dothiepin,
[[Doxepin]],
[[Doxazosin (patient information)]],
[[Duloxetine]],
[[Efavirenz (patient information)]],
[[Emtricitabine (patient information)]],
[[Enalapril (patient information)]],
[[Enfuvirtide Injection (patient information)]],
[[Enoxacin (patient information)]],
[[Entacapone (patient information)]],
[[Entecavir (patient information)]],
[[Eplerenone (patient information)]],
[[Epoetin Alfa Injection (patient information)]],
[[Ergotamine and Caffeine (patient information)]],
[[Ephedrine]],
[[Escitalopram]],
[[Estrogen]],
[[Ethcathinone]],
[[Ethchlorvynol]],
[[Ethoheptazine]],
[[Ethosuximide]],
[[Ethotoin]],
[[Estazolam (patient information)]],
[[Eszopiclone (patient information)]],
[[Etanercept Injection (patient information)]],
[[Etodolac (patient information)]],
[[Etoposide Oral and Injection (patient information)]],
[[Exemestane (patient information)]],
[[Exenatide Injection (patient information)]],
[[Ezetimibe (patient information)]],
[[Famotidine (patient information)]],
[[Felodipine (patient information)]],
[[Fenofibrate (patient information)]],
[[Fenoprofen (patient information)]],
[[Fentanyl Citrate Injection (patient information)]],
[[Fexofenadine (patient information)]],
[[Fioricet]],
[[Fluconazole]],
[[Flunitrazepam]],
[[Flurazepam]],
[[Fluvoxamine]],
[[Flavoxate (patient information)]],
[[Floxuridine (patient information)]],
[[Fludrocortisone Acetate (patient information)]],
[[Fluticasone Oral Inhalation (patient information)]],
[[Formoterol (patient information)]],
[[Fosamprenavir (patient information)]],
[[Fosinopril (patient information)]],
[[Frovatriptan (patient information)]],
[[Fulvestrant Injection (patient information)]],
[[Furosemide (patient information)]],
[[Gabapentin (patient information)]],
[[Galantamine (patient information)]],
[[Ganciclovir (patient information)]],
[[Gatifloxacin (patient information)]],
[[Gemcitabine Hydrochloride (patient information)]],
[[Gemeprost]],
[[Gemfibrozil (patient information)]],
[[Glatiramer Injection (patient information)]],
[[Glimepiride (patient information)]],
[[Glipizide (patient information)]],
[[Glutaraldehyde]],
[[Glyburide (patient information)]],
[[Glycopyrrolate (patient information)]],
[[Granisetron (patient information)]],
[[Grifulvin V]],
[[Griseofulvin (patient information)]],
[[Guanabenz (patient information)]],
[[Guanethidine (patient information)]],
[[Guanfacine (patient information)]],
[[Gyromitrin]],
[[H2 antagonist]],
[[Hydrochlorothiazide (patient information)]],
[[Hydrocodone]],
[[Hydromorphone]],
[[Hydrocortisone Injection (patient information)]],
[[Hydroxychloroquine (patient information)]],
[[Hydroxyzine (patient information)]],
[[Hyoscyamine (patient information)]],
[[Ibandronate (patient information)]],
[[Idarubicin (patient information)]],
[[Ifosfamide (patient information)]],
[[Imatinib (patient information)]],
[[Imiglucerase Injection (patient information)]],
[[Imipenem and Cilastatin Sodium Injection (patient information)]],
[[Iloperidone]],
[[Imipramine]],
[[Immune Globulin Intravenous Injection (patient information)]],
[[Indapamide (patient information)]],
[[Indinavir (patient information)]],
[[Indomethacin (patient information)]],
[[Infliximab Injection (patient information)]],
[[Influenza Vaccine, Inactivated (patient information)]],
[[Influenza Vaccine, Live Intranasal (patient information)]],
[[Indometacin]],
[[Insulin lispro injection (patient information)]],
[[Interferon Alfa-2a and Alfa-2b Injection (patient information)]],
[[Interferon Alfacon-1 Injection (patient information)]],
[[Interferon beta-1a Intramuscular Injection (patient information)]],
[[Ipratropium Oral Inhalation (patient information)]],
[[Irbesartan (patient information)]],
[[Isocarboxazid (patient information)]],
[[Isoproterenol Oral Inhalation (patient information)]],
[[Isosorbide (patient information)]],
[[Isoxsuprine Oral (patient information)]],
[[Isradipine (patient information)]],
[[Itraconazole (patient information)]],
[[Iodomethane]],
[[Isopropyl alcohol]],
[[Ivabradine]],
[[Kaopectate]],
[[Ketorolac]],
[[Labetalol Oral (patient information)]],
Lacosamide,
[[Lamivudine (patient information)]],
[[Lamotrigine (patient information)]],
[[Lanthanum (patient information)]],
[[Leflunomide (patient information)]],
[[Letrozole (patient information)]],
[[Leuprolide (patient information)]],
[[Levalbuterol Oral Inhalation (patient information)]],
[[Levetiracetam (patient information)]],
[[Levodopa and Carbidopa (patient information)]],
[[Levofloxacin Oral (patient information)]],
[[Levomethadyl (patient information)]],
[[Levorphanol Oral (patient information)]],
[[Lindane (patient information)]],
[[Levobupivacaine]],
[[Lidocaine]],
[[Lithium]],
[[Lomotil]],
[[Lisinopril (patient information)]],
[[Lomustine (patient information)]],
[[Loratadine (patient information)]],
[[Lorazepam (patient information)]],
[[Losartan (patient information)]],
[[Loxapine Oral (patient information)]],
Lysuride,
[[Magnesium gluconate (patient information)]],
[[Magnesium oxide (patient information)]],
[[Mechlorethamine (patient information)]],
[[Medroxyprogesterone (patient information)]],
[[Mefenamic Acid (patient information)]],
[[Mefloquine (patient information)]],
[[Megestrol (patient information)]],
[[Melphalan (patient information)]],
[[Memantine]],
[[Meperidine (patient information)]],
[[Meropenem Injection (patient information)]],
[[Mesoridazine Oral (patient information)]],
[[Mercaptopurine]],
[[Metethoheptazine]],
[[Metaproterenol (patient information)]],
[[Metaxalone (patient information)]],
[[Metformin (patient information)]],
[[Methimazole (patient information)]],
[[Methocarbamol Oral (patient information)]],
[[Methotrexate (patient information)]],
[[Methyclothiazide (patient information)]],
[[Methylprednisolone Oral (patient information)]],
[[Metipranolol Ophthalmic (patient information)]],
[[Metheptazine]],
[[Methoxsalen]],
[[Methylergonovine]],
[[Methylphenidate]],
[[Methyprylon]],
[[Metronidazole]],
[[Metoclopramide]],
[[Metolazone (patient information)]],
[[Metoprolol (patient information)]],
[[Mexiletine]],
[[Miglitol (patient information)]],
[[Mifepristone]],
[[Minocycline Injection]],
[[Minoxidil Oral (patient information)]],
[[Mitomycin (patient information)]],
[[Modafinil (patient information)]],
[[Moexipril (patient information)]],
[[Moricizine (patient information)]],
[[Morphine Oral (patient information)]],
[[Motofen]],
[[Moxonidine]],
[[Mycophenolate (patient information)]],
[[Nabilone (patient information)]],
[[Nabumetone (patient information)]],
[[Nadolol (patient information)]],
[[Nalbuphine]],
[[Nalmefene]],
[[Nebivolol]],
[[N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate]],
[[Naratriptan (patient information)]],
[[Natalizumab injection (patient information)]],
[[Nateglinide oral (patient information)]],
[[Nelfinavir (patient information)]],
[[Nevirapine (patient information)]],
[[Nicardipine (patient information)]],
[[Nicotine gum (patient information)]],
[[Nicotine lozenges (patient information)]],
[[Nifedipine (patient information)]],
[[Nilutamide (patient information)]],
[[Nimodipine (patient information)]],
[[Nisoldipine (patient information)]],
[[Niaprazine]],
[[Nitrazepam]],
[[Nitrous oxide]],
[[N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate]],
[[Nizatidine (patient information)]],
[[Norethindrone (patient information)]],
[[Ofloxacin oral (patient information)]],
[[Olanzapine (patient information)]],
[[Olmesartan (patient information)]],
[[Omalizumab injection (patient information)]],
[[Omeprazole (patient information)]],
[[Ondansetron (patient information)]],
[[Orphenadrine (patient information)]],
[[Oseltamivir (patient information)]],
[[Oxacillin Sodium Injection (patient information)]],
[[Oxaliplatin injection (patient information)]],
[[Oxazepam (patient information)]],
[[Oxcarbazepine (patient information)]],
[[Oxybutynin (patient information)]],
[[Paclitaxel (patient information)]],
[[Paroxetine]],
[[Pentamidine]],
[[Perhexiline]],
[[Paliperidone (patient information)]],
[[Pamidronate injection (patient information)]],
[[Pegaspargase (patient information)]],
[[Peginterferon alfa-2a (patient information)]],
[[Peginterferon alfa-2b (patient information)]],
[[Pemetrexed injection (patient information)]],
[[Pemoline (patient information)]],
[[Penbutolol (patient information)]],
[[Pentazocine and naloxone (patient information)]],
[[Pentosan polysulfate (patient information)]],
[[Pentostatin (patient information)]],
[[Pentoxifylline (patient information)]],
[[Pergolide (patient information)]],
[[Perindopril (patient information)]],
[[Perphenazine oral (patient information)]],
[[Phenazopyridine (patient information)]],
[[Phenampromide]],
[[Phenazepam]],
[[Phenelzine]],
[[Phenobarbital]],
[[Phentermine]],
[[Phenytoin]],
[[Pholcodine]],
[[Piribedil]],
[[Piroxicam]],
[[Pizotifen]],
[[Phenoxybenzamine (patient information)]],
[[Phenylephrine (patient information)]],
[[Pilocarpine ophthalmic (patient information)]],
[[Pimozide (patient information)]],
[[Pindolol (patient information)]],
[[Pioglitazone (patient information)]],
[[Pirbuterol acetate oral inhalation (patient information)]],
[[Plicamycin (patient information)]],
[[Posaconazole (patient information)]],
[[Pramipexole (patient information)]],
[[Pramlintide injection (patient information)]],
[[Prazepam (patient information)]],
[[Prazosin (patient information)]],
[[Pregabalin (patient information)]],
[[Praziquantel]],
[[Pregabalin]],
[[Primaquine (patient information)]],
[[Probenecid (patient information)]],
[[Procainamide (patient information)]],
[[Procarbazine (patient information)]],
[[Proheptazine]],
[[Promethazine]],
[[Propafenone]],
[[Propiram]],
[[Pseudoephedrine]],
[[Propantheline (patient information)]],
[[Propoxyphene (patient information)]],
[[Propranolol Oral (patient information)]],
[[Propylthiouracil (patient information)]],
[[Protriptyline (patient information)]],
[[Quinidine Oral (patient information)]],
[[Quazepam]],
[[Quetiapine]],
[[Quinapril]],
[[Quinethazone]],
[[Quinoline]],
[[Ramipril]],
[[Rabeprazole (patient information)]],
[[Ramelteon (patient information)]],
[[Ranibizumab injection (patient information)]],
[[Ranitidine hydrochloride injection (patient information)]],
[[Ranolazine (patient information)]],
[[Rasagiline (patient information)]],
[[Repaglinide (patient information)]],
[[Reboxetine]],
Remacemide,
[[Remifentanil]],
[[Reserpine]],
[[Ribavirin (patient information)]],
[[Riluzole (patient information)]],
[[Risedronate (patient information)]],
[[Risperidone (patient information)]],
[[Ritonavir (patient information)]],
[[Rituximab injection (patient information)]],
[[Rivastigmine (patient information)]],
[[Rizatriptan (patient information)]],
[[Roflumilast]],
[[Ropivacaine]],
[[Roxithromycin]],
[[Ropinirole (patient information)]],
[[Rosiglitazone (patient information)]],
[[Rosuvastatin (patient information)]],
[[Salmeterol oral inhalation (patient information)]],
[[Salsalate (patient information)]],
[[Saquinavir (patient information)]],
[[Sargramostim injection (patient information)]],
[[Scopolamine patch (patient information)]],
[[Selegiline (patient information)]],
[[Sibutramine (patient information)]],
[[Sitaxsentan]],
[[Sildenafil (patient information)]],
[[Sodium oxybate (patient information)]],
[[Sodium stibogluconate]],
[[Solifenacin (patient information)]],
[[Sotalol (patient information)]],
[[Sparfloxacin (patient information)]],
[[Spironolactone (patient information)]],
[[Stimulant laxatives (patient information)]],
[[Sulfadiazine (patient information)]],
[[Sulfisoxazole (patient information)]],
[[Sulindac (patient information)]],
Sulprostone,
[[Sumatriptan]],
[[Tamoxifen (patient information)]],
[[Tamsulosin (patient information)]],
[[Tegaserod (patient information)]],
[[Telbivudine (patient information)]],
[[Telithromycin (patient information)]],
[[Telmisartan (patient information)]],
[[Temozolomide (patient information)]],
[[Teniposide (patient information)]],
[[Terbutaline (patient information)]],
[[Teriparatide (rDNA origin) Injection (patient information)]],
[[Testosterone Transdermal (patient information)]],
[[Thioridazine (patient information)]],
[[Thiotepa (patient information)]],
[[Thiothixene Oral (patient information)]],
[[Ticarcillin Disodium Injection (patient information)]],
[[Tiludronate (patient information)]],
[[Timolol Oral (patient information)]],
[[Tizanidine (patient information)]],
[[Tapentadol]],
[[Temazepam]],
[[Tetrabenazine]],
[[Tetrahydrocannabinol]],
[[Thiabendazole]],
[[Tiagabine]],
[[Tianeptine]],
[[Tinidazole]],
[[Topiramate]],
[[Tralomethrin]],
[[Tramadol]],
[[Trandolapril]],
[[Tocainide (patient information)]],
[[Tolazamide (patient information)]],
[[Tolbutamide (patient information)]],
[[Tolcapone (patient information)]],
[[Topotecan Hydrochloride (patient information)]],
[[Torsemide Oral (patient information)]],
[[Tranylcypromine (patient information)]],
[[Trazodone]],
[[Treprostinil]],
[[Triamterene]],
[[Trichloroethylene]],
[[Triclofos]],
[[Tricyclic antidepressant]],
[[Trimetazidine]],
[[Tripelennamine]],
[[Tropisetron]],
[[Trastuzumab (patient information)]],
[[Triamcinolone Oral (patient information)]],
[[Triazolam (patient information)]],
[[Trifluoperazine Oral (patient information)]],
[[Trihexyphenidyl (patient information)]],
[[Trimeprazine (patient information)]],
[[Trimethobenzamide (patient information)]],
[[Trimetrexate Glucuronate (patient information)]],
[[Trimipramine (patient information)]],
[[Trovafloxacin (patient information)]],
[[Valaciclovir]],
[[Valproic acid]],
[[Valsartan]],
[[Vancomycin]],
[[Venlafaxine]],
[[Verapamil]],
[[Valganciclovir (patient information)]],
[[Vardenafil (patient information)]],
[[Vicodin]],
[[Vigabatrin]],
[[Vinyl chloride]],
[[Voriconazole (patient information)]],
[[Vorinostat (patient information)]],
[[Zaleplon (patient information)]],
[[Zanamivir Inhalation (patient information)]],
[[Zidovudine Oral (patient information)]],
[[Zileuton (patient information)]],
[[Ziprasidone (patient information)]],
[[Ziconotide]],
[[Zopiclone]],
[[Zoledronic Acid Injection (patient information)]],
[[Zolmitriptan Oral (patient information)]],
[[Zolpidem (patient information)]],
[[Zonisamide (patient information)]],


|-
==Case Studies==
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
[[Dizziness case study one|Case #1]]
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Balance disorder]],
[[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]],
[[Labyrinthitis]],
[[Ménière's disease]],
[[Otitis externa]],
[[Superior canal dehiscence]],
[[Vertigo]],
[[Vestibular neuronitis]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Multiple chemical sensitivity]],
[[Sick building syndrome]],
 
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Food intolerance]],
[[Gastric dumping syndrome]],
[[Proctitis]],
[[Staphylococcal enteritis]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Chediak-Higashi disease]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Haemochromatosis]],
[[Leukemia]],
[[Methemoglobinemia]],
[[Polycythemia]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Ebola hemorrhagic fever]],
[[Giardia lamblia]],
[[Group A streptococcal infection]],
[[Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome]],
[[Infectious mononucleosis]],
[[Marburg hemorrhagic fever]],
[[Rift Valley fever]],
[[Tularemia]],
[[Yellow Fever]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Cervical spondylosis]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Arnold-Chiari malformation]],
[[Multi-infarct dementia]],
[[Multiple sclerosis]],
[[Multiple system atrophy]],
[[Neuroglycopenia]],
[[Parkinson's disease]],
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome,
[[Pure autonomic failure]],
[[Subdural hematoma]],
[[Syringobulbia]],
[[Transient ischaemic attack]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Hypervitaminosis A]],
[[Hypoglycemia]],
[[Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Aortocaval compression syndrome]],
[[Pregnancy]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Adrenal metastases]]
[[Colorectal cancer]],
[[Medulloblastoma]],
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Aneisokonia]],
[[Bifocals]],
[[Cogan syndrome]],
[[Oscillopsia]],
[[Tunnel vision]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Acetylsalicylic acid]]
[[Alfuzosin ]],
[[Aliskiren ]],
[[Atropine]],
[[Acetylene]],
[[Aniline]],
[[Benztropine Mesylate]],
[[Benzylpiperazine]],
[[Bortezomib ]],
[[Buspirone ]],
[[Darbepoetin Alfa  ]],
[[Didanosine ]],
[[Doxazosin ]],
[[Eugenol]],
[[Fenoprofen ]],
Fluticasone  Inhalation,
[[Ganciclovir ]],
[[Grayanotoxin]],
[[Hydrogen sulfide]],
[[Metolachlor]],
[[Midazolam]],
[[Nicotine lozenges ]],
[[Oxygen toxicity]],
[[Pimozide ]],
 
 
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Algophobia]],
[[Panic disorder]],
[[Stendhal syndrome]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Hyperventilation syndrome]],
[[Respiratory alkalosis]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Takayasu arteritis]],
[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Coital cephalalgia]],
[[Emergency contraception]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Concussion]],
[[Post-concussion syndrome]],
[[Suspension trauma]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Testicular torsion]],
 
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|
[[Altitude sickness]],
[[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome]],
[[Chronic mountain sickness]],
[[Cinchonism]],
[[Decompression sickness]],
[[Dehydration]],
[[Gulf War syndrome]],
[[Hypotension]],
Mal de debarquement syndrome,
[[Motion sickness]],
[[Orthostatic hypotension]],
[[Shock]],
[[Sleep deprivation]],
[[Syncope]],
 
|-
|}
 
==External Links==
* [http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Dizziness Citizendium on Dizziness]
* [http://www.dizzytimes.com/ Dizzytimes.com] Online Community for Sufferers of [[Vertigo]] and [[Dizziness]]
 
==See also==
* [[motion sickness]]
* [[balance disorder]]
* [[vertigo (medical)|Vertigo]]
* [[fainting|Pre-syncope]]
* [[Equilibrioception|Disequilibrium]]
 
{{Symptoms and signs}}
{{SIB}}
[[da:Svimmelhed]]
[[de:Vertigo]]
[[es:Vértigo]]
[[fr:Vertige]]
[[he:סחרחורת]]
[[nl:Duizeligheid]]
[[pt:Tontura]]


[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
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[[Category:Symptoms]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
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Latest revision as of 17:23, 24 April 2021


Dizziness Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M.Umer Tariq [2]; Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S; Norina Usman, M.B.B.S[3]

Synonyms and keywords: Disequilibrium; Vertigo; Unsteadiness; Lightheadedness; Disorientation in space; dizzy; floating; giddiness; giddy; reeling; spaced out; swimmy; weak at the knees; wobbliness; wooziness

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Dizziness from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Interventions | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1