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Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease that causes [[frequent urination]]. The large volume of urine is diluted, mostly water. To make up for lost water, a person with DI may feel the need to drink large amounts and is likely to urinate frequently, even at night, which can disrupt sleep and, on occasion, cause [[bedwetting]]. Because of the excretion of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine, people with DI may quickly become dehydrated if they do not drink enough water. Children with DI may be irritable or listless and may have [[fever]], [[vomiting]], or [[diarrhea]]. Milder forms of DI can be managed by drinking enough water, usually between 2 and 2.5 liters a day. DI severe enough to endanger a person’s health is rare.
Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease that causes [[frequent urination]]. The large volume of urine is diluted, mostly water. To make up for lost water, a person with DI may feel the need to drink large amounts and is likely to urinate frequently, even at night, which can disrupt sleep and, on occasion, cause [[bedwetting]]. Because of the excretion of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine, people with DI may quickly become dehydrated if they do not drink enough water. Children with DI may be irritable or listless and may have [[fever]], [[vomiting]], or [[diarrhea]]. Milder forms of DI can be managed by drinking enough water, usually between 2 and 2.5 liters a day. DI severe enough to endanger a person’s health is rare.
==Historical Perspective==
==Classification==
==Pathophysiology==
==Causes==
==Differentiating Diabetes insipidus other Diseases==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Risk Factors==
==Screening==
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
==Diagnosis==
===History and Symptoms===
===Physical Examination===
===Laboratory Findings===
===Electrocardiogram===
===Chest X Ray===
===CT===
===MRI===
===Echocardiography or Ultrasound===
===Other Imaging Findings===
===Other Diagnostic Studies===
==Treatment==
===Surgery===
===Medical Therapy===
===Primary Prevention===
===Secondary Prevention===
===Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy===
===Future or Investigational Therapies===
==Case Studies==
===Case #1===


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Endocrinology]]
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[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]

Revision as of 17:48, 22 July 2016

Diabetes insipidus Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease characterized by excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine, which cannot be reduced when fluid intake is reduced. It denotes inability of the kidney to concentrate urine. DI is caused by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, or by an insensitivity of the kidneys to that hormone. It can also be induced iatrogenically by the diuretic conivaptan.

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease that causes frequent urination. The large volume of urine is diluted, mostly water. To make up for lost water, a person with DI may feel the need to drink large amounts and is likely to urinate frequently, even at night, which can disrupt sleep and, on occasion, cause bedwetting. Because of the excretion of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine, people with DI may quickly become dehydrated if they do not drink enough water. Children with DI may be irritable or listless and may have fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. Milder forms of DI can be managed by drinking enough water, usually between 2 and 2.5 liters a day. DI severe enough to endanger a person’s health is rare.

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Diabetes insipidus other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Surgery

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

References

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