Cyanosis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Prevalence of congenital heart diseases at birth ranges from 6 to 13 per 1000 live births. [13-19].
- The most common congenital heart defect is a bicuspid aortic valve, with a prevalence between 0.5 and 2 percent, but as an isolated lesion it is rarely diagnosed in infancy. [21-23]
- The next most common defects are ventricular septal defects, prevalence of 4 per 1000 live births and atrial septal defects, prevalence of 2 per 1000 live births. [11,15,24,25].
- Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic CHD (0.5 per 1000 live births). [15,26].
- The incidence of respiratory distress in infants admitted to neonatal units doubled over the last 30 years in a geographically defined neonatal population. Regarding to large study, the overall incidence of respiratory distress is 6.7%.
- Transient tachypnea of newborn was found to be the commonest (42.7%) cause of RD followed by infection (17.0%), meconium aspiration syndrome (10.7%), hyaline membrane disease (9.3%) and birth asphyxia. (3.3%)