Coronavirus epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sabawoon Mirwais, M.B.B.S, M.D.[2], Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [3]
Overview
Due to the lack of data, the exact incidence rate of coronavirus infections can not be approximated. With 8,098 confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of SARS was 9.6%. With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of MERS was 34.4%. The case fatality-rate of 2019-nCoV in the first 99 patients at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the outbreak) has been found to be 11%.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- Due to the lack of data, the exact incidence rate of coronavirus infections can not be approximated.
Prevalance
- From June 2012 to April 2018, MERS-CoV infection was prevalent in 2206 people globally.
- To date, 64,461 confirmed cases of COVID-19 have emerged.
- For details on the real-time prevalence and spread of 2019-nCoV, click here.[1]
Case-fatality rate
- With 8,098 confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of SARS was 9.6%.[2]
- With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of MERS was 34.4%.
- The case fatality-rate of 2019-nCoV in the first 99 patients at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the outbreak) has been found to be 11%.[3]
- In a different study comprising of 138 patients infected with 2019-nCoV, the mortality has been established to be 4.3%.[4]
Age
- Patients of all age groups can develop the disease.
- The median age of patients suffering from COVID-19 has been established to be 59 years.[5]
Race
- Coronavirus infections affect all races.
Gender
- Coronavirus infections affect men and women equally.
- In a recent study, 2019-nCoV has been found to have infected males more than females.[6]
Region
- Majority of the cases of SARS-CoV infection were reported in China before spreading to 29 other countries.[7]
- Majority of the cases of MERS-CoV infection were reported in the Middle East (mainly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) before spreading to 27 other countries.
- Majority of the cases of COVID-19 have been reported in China and the disease has spread to 26 countries (including the United States) so far.[8]
Recent Outbreaks
2019-nCoV
Global
- An outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan City was initially reported to WHO on December 31, 2019. Chinese health authorities have confirmed more than 40 infections with a novel coronavirus as the cause of the outbreak. Reportedly, most patients had epidemiological links to a large seafood and animal market. The market was closed on January 1, 2020. Currently, Chinese health authorities report no community spread of this virus, and no transmission among healthcare personnel caring for outbreak patients. No additional cases of infection with 2019-nCoV have been identified in China since January 3, 2020.
- On January 13, 2020 public health officials in Thailand confirmed detection of a human infection with 2019-nCoV in a traveler from Wuhan, China. This was the first confirmed case of 2019-nCoV documented outside China. On January 17, 2020 a second case was confirmed in Thailand, also in a returned traveler from Wuhan City. On January 15, 2020 health officials in Japan confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in a returned traveler from Wuhan City. These persons had onset dates after January 3, 2020. These cases did not report visiting the large seafood and animal market to which many cases in China have been linked.
- On January 11, 2020, CDC updated the level 1 travel health notice (“practice usual precautions”) for Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China with additional information (originally issued on January 6, 2020)
USA
Patients Under Investigation (PUI) in the United States*†
As of 1/31/2020
| Positive | 6 |
|---|---|
| Negative | 114 |
| Pending | 121 |
| Total | 241 |
References
- ↑ https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E (January 2020). "The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China". Int. J. Infect. Dis. 91: 264–266. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009. PMID 31953166.
- ↑ Huang, Chaolin; Wang, Yeming; Li, Xingwang; Ren, Lili; Zhao, Jianping; Hu, Yi; Zhang, Li; Fan, Guohui; Xu, Jiuyang; Gu, Xiaoying; Cheng, Zhenshun; Yu, Ting; Xia, Jiaan; Wei, Yuan; Wu, Wenjuan; Xie, Xuelei; Yin, Wen; Li, Hui; Liu, Min; Xiao, Yan; Gao, Hong; Guo, Li; Xie, Jungang; Wang, Guangfa; Jiang, Rongmeng; Gao, Zhancheng; Jin, Qi; Wang, Jianwei; Cao, Bin (2020). "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". The Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Wang, Dawei; Hu, Bo; Hu, Chang; Zhu, Fangfang; Liu, Xing; Zhang, Jing; Wang, Binbin; Xiang, Hui; Cheng, Zhenshun; Xiong, Yong; Zhao, Yan; Li, Yirong; Wang, Xinghuan; Peng, Zhiyong (2020). "Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China". JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ Li, Qun; Guan, Xuhua; Wu, Peng; Wang, Xiaoye; Zhou, Lei; Tong, Yeqing; Ren, Ruiqi; Leung, Kathy S.M.; Lau, Eric H.Y.; Wong, Jessica Y.; Xing, Xuesen; Xiang, Nijuan; Wu, Yang; Li, Chao; Chen, Qi; Li, Dan; Liu, Tian; Zhao, Jing; Liu, Man; Tu, Wenxiao; Chen, Chuding; Jin, Lianmei; Yang, Rui; Wang, Qi; Zhou, Suhua; Wang, Rui; Liu, Hui; Luo, Yinbo; Liu, Yuan; Shao, Ge; Li, Huan; Tao, Zhongfa; Yang, Yang; Deng, Zhiqiang; Liu, Boxi; Ma, Zhitao; Zhang, Yanping; Shi, Guoqing; Lam, Tommy T.Y.; Wu, Joseph T.; Gao, George F.; Cowling, Benjamin J.; Yang, Bo; Leung, Gabriel M.; Feng, Zijian (2020). "Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001316. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Li, Qun; Guan, Xuhua; Wu, Peng; Wang, Xiaoye; Zhou, Lei; Tong, Yeqing; Ren, Ruiqi; Leung, Kathy S.M.; Lau, Eric H.Y.; Wong, Jessica Y.; Xing, Xuesen; Xiang, Nijuan; Wu, Yang; Li, Chao; Chen, Qi; Li, Dan; Liu, Tian; Zhao, Jing; Liu, Man; Tu, Wenxiao; Chen, Chuding; Jin, Lianmei; Yang, Rui; Wang, Qi; Zhou, Suhua; Wang, Rui; Liu, Hui; Luo, Yinbo; Liu, Yuan; Shao, Ge; Li, Huan; Tao, Zhongfa; Yang, Yang; Deng, Zhiqiang; Liu, Boxi; Ma, Zhitao; Zhang, Yanping; Shi, Guoqing; Lam, Tommy T.Y.; Wu, Joseph T.; Gao, George F.; Cowling, Benjamin J.; Yang, Bo; Leung, Gabriel M.; Feng, Zijian (2020). "Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001316. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, Ippolito G, Mchugh TD, Memish ZA, Drosten C, Zumla A, Petersen E (January 2020). "The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China". Int. J. Infect. Dis. 91: 264–266. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009. PMID 31953166.
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/locations-confirmed-cases.html. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6. Missing or empty
|title=(help)