Congenital rubella syndrome primary prevention

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2]

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Primary Prevention

• Vaccination prior to pregnancy can prevent congenital rubella.
• Pregnant women who are not immune to rubella should avoid contact with persons who have carry the virus.
• Cases of U.S.-acquired rubella have occurred among susceptible persons providing care for infants with CRS. Because infants can shed the virus for prolonged periods, (up to 1 year of age or longer) infants with CRS should be considered infectious until they are at least 1 year old or until two cultures of clinical specimens obtained one month apart after the infant is older than three months of age are negative for rubella virus. Infants with CRS should be placed in contact isolation during any hospital admission before age one year or until the infant is no longer considered infectious. In addition, health officials should consider excluding infants with CRS from child care facilities until he or she is no longer considered infectious. Persons having contact with infants with CRS should have documented evidence of immunity to rubella ("Rubella") and caregivers of infants with CRS should be aware of the potential hazard of the infants to susceptible pregnant contacts.
• The United States has established and achieved the goal of eliminating indigenous rubella transmission and CRS. Elimination of endemic rubella was documented and verified in the United States in 2004. However, because of international travel and countries without routine rubella vaccination, imported cases of rubella and CRS cases are likely. To maintain elimination, the United States should continue to maintain high vaccination rates among children, ensure that women of childbearing age, particularly women born outside of the United States, are vaccinated, and maintain good surveillance for both rubella and CRS.

External Link

http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/surv-manual/chpt15-crs.html