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'''For patient information, click [[Confusion (patient information)|here]]
'''For patient information, click [[Confusion (patient information)|here]]
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==Overview==
{{Confusion}}


* '''Confusion''' refers to mental dysfunction in which a lack of attention and disorientation occurs with the inability to think with normal speed or clarity
{{CMG}};  '''Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[User:Aditya Govindavarjhulla|Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S.]][mailto:agovi@wikidoc.org]


== Complete Differential Diagnosis of Confusion==
'''''Synonyms and keywords:''''' Disorientation


In alphabetical order. <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>
== [[Confusion overview|Overview]] ==


* [[Porphyria|Acute hepatic porphyria]]
== [[Confusion pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]] ==
* [[Alcohol intoxication]]
* [[Arteriosclerosis]]
* [[Thrombosis|Basilar artery thrombosis]]
* [[Brain tumor]]
* [[COPD|Chronic pulmonary disorders]]
* [[Ddx:Dehydration|Dehyrdation]]
* [[Delirium tremens]]
* [[Drug]]s, [[toxin]]s
* [[Encephalitis]]
* [[electrolyte imbalance|Fluid and electrolyte imbalance]]
* [[Head trauma]], [[concussion]]
* [[Heatstroke]]
* [[Hepatic encephalopathy]]
* [[HIV|HIV infection]]
* [[Ddx:Hypercalcemia|Hypercalcemia]]
* [[Hypercapnia]]
* [[Ddx:Hyperkalemia|Hyperkalemia]]
* [[Ddx:Hyperthermia|Hyperthermia]]
* [[Hypomagnesemia]]
* [[Ddx:Hyponatremia|Hyponatremia]]
* [[Ddx:Hypothermia|Hypothermia]]
* [[Elderly|Illnesses in advanced age]]
* [[Hypoglycemia|Low blood sugar]]
* [[Pellagra|Niacin deficiency]]
* [[Ddx:Seizures|Seizures]]
* [[infectious diseases|Severe infectious diseases]]
* [[Sleep deprivation]]
* [[Thiamine deficiency]]
* [[Uremia]]
* [[Vitamin B12 Deficiency]]
* [[Vitamin C deficiency]]


==References==
== [[Confusion causes|Causes]] ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
== Acknowledgements ==
== [[Differentiating confusion from other symptoms|Differentiating Confusion from other Symptoms]] ==
The content on this page was first contributed by {{CMG}}
 
== [[Confusion epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]] ==
 
== [[Confusion risk factors|Risk Factors]] ==
 
== [[Confusion natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]] ==
 
== Diagnosis ==
 
[[Confusion history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Confusion physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Confusion laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Confusion electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]]  | [[Confusion chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Confusion CT|CT]] | [[Confusion MRI|MRI]] | [[Confusion echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Confusion other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Confusion other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
 
== Treatment ==
 
[[Confusion medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Confusion surgery|Surgery]] | [[Confusion primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Confusion secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Confusion cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Confusion future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
 
==Case Studies==
 
[[Confusion case study one|Case #1]]


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Latest revision as of 16:03, 3 June 2015

For patient information, click here

Confusion Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Confusion from other Symptoms

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Confusion On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Confusion

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Confusion

CDC on Confusion

Confusion in the news

Blogs on Confusion

Directions to Hospitals Treating Confusion

Risk calculators and risk factors for Confusion

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S.[2]

Synonyms and keywords: Disorientation

Overview

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Confusion from other Symptoms

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1


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