Clinical depression epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Clinical depression affects about 8–17 percent of the population on at least one occasion in their lives, before the age of 40. In some countries, such as Australia, one in four women and one in six men will suffer from depression. In Canada, major depression affects approximately 1.35 million people, and in the United States approximately 14 million adults per year.[1] An estimated 121 million people worldwide currently suffer from depression.[2]
People who have had one episode of depression may be more than normally likely to have more episodes in the future, so the first time a young person becomes depressed is important both as a personal and public health concern.[3]
About twice as many females as males report or receive treatment for clinical depression, though this imbalance is shrinking over the course of recent history; This difference seems to completely disappear after the age of 50–55. Clinical depression is currently the leading cause of disability in North America, and is expected to become the second leading cause of disability worldwide (after heart disease) by the year 2020, according to the World Health Organization.[4]
Recent studies suggest that the diagnostic criteria for depression are far too broad, resulting in diagnosis of clinical depression in people who are not truly suffering from the disorder and who have shown normal responses to negative events.[5]
References
- ↑ Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:8-19.
- ↑ WHO | Depression
- ↑ Bos et al. (2005). Cognitive, physiological, and personality correlates of recurrence of depression. Journal of Affective Disorders 87 (2005) 221-229.
- ↑ Murray, C.J.L. (1997). "Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020: Global Burden of Disease Study". Lancet. 349: 1498?1504. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (help) - ↑ Vedantam, Shankar (2007-04-03). "Criteria for Depression Are Too Broad, Researchers Say". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-09-10.