Chronic hypertension screening
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Hypertension Main page |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]: Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2], Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian
Overview
The age to begin screening for hypertension varies between 13-20 years of age, according to different authorities. Generally, hypertension is defined as SBP > 140 mmHg and/or DBP > 90 mmHg. In specific populations, however, routine follow-up target BP may be different; and initiation of treatment may be considered at even lower BP values than those considered for the normal population.
Screening
The age to start screening for hypertension differs according to different authorities:
- Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7)[1]
| Authority | Age to Start Screening for Hypertension |
| The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7)[1] | 20 years |
| American Heart Association (AHA)[2] | 20 years |
| American Academy of Family Physicians[3] | 18 years |
| American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)[4] | 13 years |
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) [5] and JNC 7 [6] recommendations for hypertension screening are as follows:
- Screening is recommended every 2 years if the blood pressure < 120/80 mmHg
- Screening is recommended yearly if initial blood pressure screening revealed JNC 7’s pre-hypertension stage: the systolic blood pressure is between 120 139 mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure is between 80 and 99 mmHg.
- Confirmation of BP values within 2 months is required if initial blood pressure revealed JNC 7’s stage 1 hypertension.
- Evaluation or referral to source of care within 1 month if initial blood pressure revealed JNC 7’s stage 2 hypertension.
- Evaluation and treatment immediately or within 1 week if initial blood pressure revealed JNC 7’s stage 2 hypertension with blood pressure > 180/110 mmHg. Clinical situation and complications are to be taken into major consideration.
- Treatment may be initiated immediately at lower blood pressure values in specific populations, such as those known to have diabetes mellitus.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL; et al. (2003). "Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure". Hypertension. 42 (6): 1206–52. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2. PMID 14656957.: 20 years
- ↑ Pearson TA, Blair SN, Daniels SR, Eckel RH, Fair JM, Fortmann SP; et al. (2002). "AHA Guidelines for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: 2002 Update: Consensus Panel Guide to Comprehensive Risk Reduction for Adult Patients Without Coronary or Other Atherosclerotic Vascular Diseases. American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee". Circulation. 106 (3): 388–91. PMID 12119259.
- ↑ U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2007). "Screening for high blood pressure: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement". Ann Intern Med. 147 (11): 783–6. PMID 18056662.
- ↑ ACOG Committee on Gynecologic Practice (2006). "ACOG Committee Opinion No. 357: Primary and preventive care: periodic assessments". Obstet Gynecol. 108 (6): 1615–22. PMID 17138804.
- ↑ Ferket BS, Colkesen EB, Visser JJ, Spronk S, Kraaijenhagen RA, Steyerberg EW; et al. (2010). "Systematic review of guidelines on cardiovascular risk assessment: Which recommendations should clinicians follow for a cardiovascular health check?". Arch Intern Med. 170 (1): 27–40. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.434. PMID 20065196.
- ↑ Cuddy ML (2005). "Treatment of hypertension: guidelines from JNC 7 (the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 1)". J Pract Nurs. 55 (4): 17–21, quiz 22-3. PMID 16512265.