Chronic hypertension screening
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Hypertension Main page |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]: Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2], Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian
Overview
The Joint National Committee seventh report (JNC 7) defines hypertension as a systolic blood pressure of over 140 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mm Hg based upon the average of two or more properly measured readings at each of two or more visits after an initial screen[1]. The Systematic Review of Guidelines on Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in 2010 noted two hypertension screening guidelines for adults published by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and American Heart Association (AHA).[2]
Screening
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) [2] and JNC 7 [3] recommendations for hypertension screening are:
- Screening is recommended every 2 years if the blood pressure < 120/80 mmHg
- Screening is recommended yearly if initial blood pressure screening revealed JNC 7’s pre-hypertension stage: the systolic blood pressure is between 120 139 mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure is between 80 and 99 mmHg.
- Confirmation of BP values within 2 months is required if initial blood pressure revealed JNC 7’s stage 1 hypertension.
- Evaluation or referral to source of care within 1 month if initial blood pressure revealed JNC 7’s stage 2 hypertension.
- Evaluation and treatment immediately or within 1 week if initial blood pressure revealed JNC 7’s stage 2 hypertension with blood pressure > 180/110 mmHg. Clinical situation and complications are to be taken into major consideration.
- Treatment may be initiated immediately at lower blood pressure values in specific populations, such as those known to have diabetes mellitus.
References
- ↑ Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL; et al. (2003). "The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report". JAMA. 289 (19): 2560–72. doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2560. PMID 12748199.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ferket BS, Colkesen EB, Visser JJ, Spronk S, Kraaijenhagen RA, Steyerberg EW; et al. (2010). "Systematic review of guidelines on cardiovascular risk assessment: Which recommendations should clinicians follow for a cardiovascular health check?". Arch Intern Med. 170 (1): 27–40. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.434. PMID 20065196.
- ↑ Cuddy ML (2005). "Treatment of hypertension: guidelines from JNC 7 (the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 1)". J Pract Nurs. 55 (4): 17–21, quiz 22-3. PMID 16512265.