Chronic hypertension screening

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Hypertension Main page

Overview

Causes

Classification

Primary Hypertension
Secondary Hypertension
Hypertensive Emergency
Hypertensive Urgency

Screening

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]: Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

The Joint National Committee seventh report (JNC 7) defines hypertension as a systolic blood pressure of over 140 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mm Hg based upon the average of two or more properly measured readings at each of two or more visits after an initial screen[1]. The “Systematic Review of Guidelines on Cardiovascular Risk Assessment” in 2010 noted two hypertension screening guidelines for adults published by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and American Heart Association (AHA).[2]

Screening

Screening Test[1]

Diagnosis Diagnostic Tests
Chronic kidney disease Estimate GFR
Coarctation of aorta CT angiography
Cushing's syndrome and other glucocorticoid excess states including chronic steroid therapy History; dexamethasone suppression test
Drug induced/related History; drug screening
Pheochromocytoma 24 hour urinary metanephrine and normetanephrine
Primary aldosteronism and other mineralocorticoid 24-hour urinary aldosterone level or excess states 24-hour urinary aldosterone level or specific measurements of other mineralocorticoids
Renovascular hypertension Doppler flow study; magnetic resonance angiography
Sleep apnea Sleep study with O2 saturation
Thyroid/ Parathyroid disease TSH; serum PTH

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL; et al. (2003). "The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report". JAMA. 289 (19): 2560–72. doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2560. PMID 12748199.
  2. Ferket BS, Colkesen EB, Visser JJ, Spronk S, Kraaijenhagen RA, Steyerberg EW; et al. (2010). "Systematic review of guidelines on cardiovascular risk assessment: Which recommendations should clinicians follow for a cardiovascular health check?". Arch Intern Med. 170 (1): 27–40. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.434. PMID 20065196.

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