Chronic hypertension epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
Hypertension is considered an epidemic worldwide. It continues to be one of the most common diseases. Data in the United States from the 2011-2012 National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) demonstrated that the overall age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension among U.S. adults aged 18 and older was 29.1%.<ref name="pmid24171916">{{cite journal| author=Nwankwo T, Yoon SS, Burt V, Gu Q| title=Hypertension among adults in the United States: national health and nutrition examination survey, 2011-2012. | journal=NCHS Data Brief | year= 2013 | volume= | issue= 133 | pages= 1-8 | pmid=24171916 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24171916 }} </ref> Similar surveys conducted in Europe estimated the prevalence of hypertension to be 44%.<ref name="pmid12746359">{{cite journal| author=Wolf-Maier K, Cooper RS, Banegas JR, Giampaoli S, Hense HW, Joffres M et al.| title=Hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels in 6 European countries, Canada, and the United States. | journal=JAMA | year= 2003 | volume= 289 | issue= 18 | pages= 2363-9 | pmid=12746359 | doi=10.1001/jama.289.18.2363 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12746359 }} </ref> Worldwide data currently estimates that hypertension currently affects approximately 972 million people with yearly incidence rates ranging between 3% and 18%.<ref name="pmid16533126">{{cite journal| author=Hajjar I, Kotchen JM, Kotchen TA| title=Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control. | journal=Annu Rev Public Health | year= 2006 | volume= 27 | issue= | pages= 465-90 | pmid=16533126 | doi=10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102132 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16533126 }} </ref> | |||
==== | Data from the 1990s suggested a decrease in the prevalence of hypertension; however, recent data has in fact revealed that hypertension is on the rise again.<ref name="pmid16533126">{{cite journal| author=Hajjar I, Kotchen JM, Kotchen TA| title=Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control. | journal=Annu Rev Public Health | year= 2006 | volume= 27 | issue= | pages= 465-90 | pmid=16533126 | doi=10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102132 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16533126 }} </ref> Despite the high prevalence of hypertension, NHANES reports that there is a significant increase in awareness, treatment, and control among hypertensive patients over the last 10 years.<ref name="pmid23102115">{{cite journal| author=Yoon SS, Burt V, Louis T, Carroll MD| title=Hypertension among adults in the United States, 2009-2010. | journal=NCHS Data Brief | year= 2012 | volume= | issue= 107 | pages= 1-8 | pmid=23102115 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23102115 }} </ref> | ||
The prevalence of hypertension varies according to age, gender, and ethnicity which has been underlined by data collected by the NHANES 2011-2012:<ref name="pmid24171916">{{cite journal| author=Nwankwo T, Yoon SS, Burt V, Gu Q| title=Hypertension among adults in the United States: national health and nutrition examination survey, 2011-2012. | journal=NCHS Data Brief | year= 2013 | volume= | issue= 133 | pages= 1-8 | pmid=24171916 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24171916 }} </ref> | |||
* '''Age:''' The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 7.3% among those aged 18-39, 32.4% among those aged 40-59, and 65.0% among those aged 60 and over. To note, the universal rise in SBP with age is likely the principle etiology for the increased incidence and prevalence of hypertension among older individuals. | |||
* '''Gender:''' The age-adjusted prevalence on hypertension doesn’t vary significantly with gender with 29.7% prevalence among men in contrast to 28.5% among women. | |||
* '''Ethnicity:''' The age-adjusted prevalence is significantly higher among non-Hispanic blacks at 42.1% in contrast to 28.0% among white non-Hispanic, 26.0% among Hispanic, 24.7% among Asian individuals. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:12, 4 November 2013
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Hypertension Main page |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Taylor Palmieri, Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian
Overview
Hypertension is considered an epidemic worldwide. It continues to be one of the most common diseases. Data in the United States in 2009-2010 from the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) demonstrated that the overall age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension among U.S. adults aged 18 and older was 28.6% [1]. Similar surveys conducted in Europe estimated the prevalence of hypertension to be 44%[2].
Epidemiology and Demographics
Hypertension is considered an epidemic worldwide. It continues to be one of the most common diseases. Data in the United States from the 2011-2012 National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) demonstrated that the overall age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension among U.S. adults aged 18 and older was 29.1%.[3] Similar surveys conducted in Europe estimated the prevalence of hypertension to be 44%.[2] Worldwide data currently estimates that hypertension currently affects approximately 972 million people with yearly incidence rates ranging between 3% and 18%.[4]
Data from the 1990s suggested a decrease in the prevalence of hypertension; however, recent data has in fact revealed that hypertension is on the rise again.[4] Despite the high prevalence of hypertension, NHANES reports that there is a significant increase in awareness, treatment, and control among hypertensive patients over the last 10 years.[1]
The prevalence of hypertension varies according to age, gender, and ethnicity which has been underlined by data collected by the NHANES 2011-2012:[3]
- Age: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 7.3% among those aged 18-39, 32.4% among those aged 40-59, and 65.0% among those aged 60 and over. To note, the universal rise in SBP with age is likely the principle etiology for the increased incidence and prevalence of hypertension among older individuals.
- Gender: The age-adjusted prevalence on hypertension doesn’t vary significantly with gender with 29.7% prevalence among men in contrast to 28.5% among women.
- Ethnicity: The age-adjusted prevalence is significantly higher among non-Hispanic blacks at 42.1% in contrast to 28.0% among white non-Hispanic, 26.0% among Hispanic, 24.7% among Asian individuals.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Yoon SS, Burt V, Louis T, Carroll MD (2012). "Hypertension among adults in the United States, 2009-2010". NCHS Data Brief (107): 1–8. PMID 23102115.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wolf-Maier K, Cooper RS, Banegas JR, Giampaoli S, Hense HW, Joffres M; et al. (2003). "Hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels in 6 European countries, Canada, and the United States". JAMA. 289 (18): 2363–9. doi:10.1001/jama.289.18.2363. PMID 12746359.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nwankwo T, Yoon SS, Burt V, Gu Q (2013). "Hypertension among adults in the United States: national health and nutrition examination survey, 2011-2012". NCHS Data Brief (133): 1–8. PMID 24171916.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hajjar I, Kotchen JM, Kotchen TA (2006). "Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control". Annu Rev Public Health. 27: 465–90. doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102132. PMID 16533126.