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| '''For patient information, click [[Choriocarcinoma (patient information)|here]]'''
| | #REDIRECT[[Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia]] |
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| {{Infobox_Disease |
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| Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
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| Image = |
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| Caption = |
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| DiseasesDB = 2602 |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|C|58||c|51}} |
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| ICD9 = {{ICD9|181}} |
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| ICDO = 9100-9101 |
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| OMIM = |
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| MedlinePlus = |
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| eMedicineSubj = |
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| eMedicineTopic = |
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| MeshID = D002822 |
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| }}
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| {{SI}}
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| '''Editor-in-Chief:''' Somal Khan, M.D.
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Choriocarcinoma''' is a malignant and aggressive [[cancer]] of the [[placenta]]. It is characterized by '''early hematogenous spread''' to the lungs. It belongs to the far end of the spectrum of [[gestational trophoblastic diseases]] (GTD).
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| ==Classification of GTDs==
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| Broadly, gestational trophoblastic diseases can be classified in the following:
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| 1. [[Hydatidiform Mole]]
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| :a. Complete Mole
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| :b. Partial Mole
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| 2. Invasive Mole<br>
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| 3. Choriocarcinoma
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| 4. Placental site trophoblastic tumor
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| == Etiology/Epidemiology ==
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| It is preceded by:
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| * [[Hydatidiform mole]] (50% of cases)
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| * [[Spontaneous abortion]] (20% of cases)
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| * [[Ectopic pregnancy]] (2% of cases)
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| * Normal term [[pregnancy]] (20-30% of cases)
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| ==Symptoms/Signs/Labs==
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| * increased quantitative [[human chorionic gonadotropin|β-hCG]] levels
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| * [[vaginal bleeding]]
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| * [[shortness of breath]]
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| * [[hemoptysis]] (coughing up blood)
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| * [[chest pain]]
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| * [[chest X-ray]] shows multiple infiltrates of various shapes in both lungs
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| * presents in males as a [[testicular_cancer|testicular neoplasm]]
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| ==Pathology==
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| On [[light microscopy]], there is malignant [[trophoblast]]ic proliferation without hydropic villi.
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| ==Treatment==
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| Choriocarcinoma is one of the tumors that is most sensitive to [[chemotherapy]]. The cure rate, even for metastatic choriocarcinoma, is around 90-95%. Virtually everyone without metastases can be cured however metastatic disease to the kidneys and/or brain is usually fatal. Chemotherapy regimen include EMACO ([[etoposide]], [[methotrexate]], [[actinomycin D]], [[cyclosphosphamide]] and [[oncovin]]).
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| [[Hysterectomy]] (surgical removal of the uterus) can also be offered to patients > 40 years of age or those desiring sterilization. It may be required for those with severe infection and uncontrolled bleeding.
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| {{Soft tissue tumors and sarcomas}}
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| {{SIB}}
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| [[Category:Gynecology]]
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| [[Category:Types of cancer]]
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| [[Category:Oncology]]
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