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==Overview==
== Overview ==
[[Chickenpox]] was first described by Razi, an Iranian physician. In the mid-1500s, [[Giovanni Filippo]] described it in more details. The live [[attenuated]] [[vaccine]] for [[chickenpox]] was introduced in 1974.


==History==
==Historical Perspective==
One history of medicine book credits [[Giovanni Filippo]] (1510–1580) of Palermo with the first description of varicella (chickenpox).  Subsequently in the 1600s, an English physician named [[Richard Morton (physician)|Richard Morton]] described what he thought  a mild form of [[smallpox]] as "chicken pox."  Later, in 1767, a physician named [[William Heberden]], also from England, was the first physician to clearly demonstrate that chickenpox was different from smallpox. However, it is believed the name chickenpox was commonly used in earlier centuries before doctors identified the disease.  
* In the late 800’s and early 900's AD, Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Razi, also known as Razi, reported some of the first known information on [[chickenpox]] and noted the differences between [[measles]] and [[smallpox]].<ref name="Weller1996">{{cite journal|last1=Weller|first1=T. H.|title=Varicella: Historical Perspective And Clinical Overview|journal=Journal of Infectious Diseases|volume=174|issue=Supplement 3|year=1996|pages=S306–S309|issn=0022-1899|doi=10.1093/infdis/174.Supplement_3.S306}}</ref>


There are many explanations offered for the origin of the name ''chickenpox'':
* In the 1500s, [[Giovanni Filippo]], an Italian anatomist, described [[Varicella]] ([[chickenpox]]) for the first time.
* In the 1600s, [[Richard Morton (physician)|Richard Morton]], an English physician described [[chickenpox]] as a mild form of [[smallpox]].
* In 1767, [[William Heberden]] from England, differentiated [[chickenpox]] from [[smallpox]].
* In 1974, the live [[Attenuated virus|attenuated]] [[vaccine]] for [[chickenpox]] was developed.
* In 1995, the [[varicella vaccine]] was licensed and introduced.


* It has been suggested that the disease was "no very great danger", thus a "chicken" version of the pox;
==References==
* the specks that appear looked as though the skin was pecked by chickens;
{{Reflist|2}}
* the disease was named after [[chickpea|chick pea]]s, from a supposed similarity in size of the seed to the lesions;
* the term reflects a corruption of the Old English word ''giccin'', which meant ''itching''.


As "pox" also means curse, in medieval times some believed it was a plague brought on to curse children by the use of black magic. 
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From ancient times, [[neem]] has been used by Indians to alleviate the external symptoms of itching and to minimise scarring.  Neem baths (neem leaves and a dash of [[turmeric]] powder in water)  are commonly given for the duration.
[[Category:Disease]]
 
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
During the medieval era, oatmeal was discovered to soothe the sores, and oatmeal baths are today still commonly given to relieve itching.
[[Category:Dermatology]]
 
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
==References==
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]

Latest revision as of 20:53, 29 July 2020


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]

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Overview

Chickenpox was first described by Razi, an Iranian physician. In the mid-1500s, Giovanni Filippo described it in more details. The live attenuated vaccine for chickenpox was introduced in 1974.

Historical Perspective

  • In the late 800’s and early 900's AD, Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Razi, also known as Razi, reported some of the first known information on chickenpox and noted the differences between measles and smallpox.[1]

References

  1. Weller, T. H. (1996). "Varicella: Historical Perspective And Clinical Overview". Journal of Infectious Diseases. 174 (Supplement 3): S306–S309. doi:10.1093/infdis/174.Supplement_3.S306. ISSN 0022-1899.


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