Cervical dysplasia (patient information): Difference between revisions

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{{Cervical dysplasia (patient information)}}
{{Cervical dysplasia (patient information)}}
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Cervical dysplasia|here]]'''
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Cervical dysplasia|here]]'''
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==What causes Cervical dysplasia?==
==What causes Cervical dysplasia?==
Most cases of cervical dysplasia occur in women ages 25 - 35, although it can develop at any age.
Most cases of cervical dysplasia occur in women aged 25 - 35, although it can develop at any age.


Almost all cases of cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV is a common virus that is spread through sexual contact. There are many different types of HPV. Some types lead to cervical dysplasia or cancer.
Almost all cases of cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV is a common virus that is spread through sexual contact. There are many different types of HPV. Some types lead to cervical dysplasia or cancer.
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Without treatment, severe cervical dysplasia may develop invasive cancer. It can take 10 or more years for cervical dysplasia to develop into cancer. The risk of cancer is lower for mild dysplasia.
Without treatment, severe cervical dysplasia may develop invasive cancer. It can take 10 or more years for cervical dysplasia to develop into cancer. The risk of cancer is lower for mild dysplasia.


==Prevention==
#REDIRECT[[Cervical cancer primary prevention]]
Ask your health care provider about the HPV vaccine. Girls who receive this vaccine before they become sexually active reduce their chance of getting cervical cancer by 70%.
 
You can reduce your risk of developing cervical dysplasia by taking the following steps:
 
*Do not smoke. Smoking increases your risk of developing more severe dysplasia and cancer
*Get vaccinated for [[HPV]] between ages 9 and 26
*Do not have sex until you are 18 or older
*Practice safe sex, and use a condom
*Practice monogamy, which means you only have one sexual partner at a time


==Sources==
==Sources==
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001491.htm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001491.htm


[[Category:Gynecology]]
 
[[Category:Gynecology patient information]]
[[Category:Gynecology patient information]]
[[Category:Template complete]]
[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:For review]]


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Latest revision as of 15:40, 27 August 2015

Cervical dysplasia

Overview

What are the symptoms?

What are the causes?

Who is at highest risk?

When to seek urgent medical care?

Diagnosis

Treatment options

Where to find medical care for Cervical dysplasia?

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Prevention

Cervical dysplasia On the Web

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

Images of Cervical dysplasia

Videos on Cervical dysplasia

FDA on Cervical dysplasia

CDC on Cervical dysplasia

Cervical dysplasia in the news

Blogs on Cervical dysplasia

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cervical dysplasia

Risk calculators and risk factors for Cervical dysplasia

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.

Overview

Cervical dysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the cells on the surface of the cervix that are seen underneath a microscope. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb) that opens at the top of the vagina.

Although these changes are not cancer, they can lead to cancer of the cervix if not treated.

What are the symptoms of Cervical dysplasia?

There are usually no symptoms.

What causes Cervical dysplasia?

Most cases of cervical dysplasia occur in women aged 25 - 35, although it can develop at any age.

Almost all cases of cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV is a common virus that is spread through sexual contact. There are many different types of HPV. Some types lead to cervical dysplasia or cancer.

Who is at highest risk?

The following may increase your risk of cervical dysplasia:

  • Becoming sexually active before age 18
  • Giving birth before age 16
  • Having multiple sexual partners
  • Having other illnesses or using medications that suppress your immune system
  • Smoking

When to seek urgent medical care?

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you are age 21 or older and have never had a pelvic examination and Pap smear.

Diagnosis

A pelvic examination is usually normal.

Cervical dysplasia that is seen on a Pap smear is called squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL). These changes may be graded as:

  • Low-grade (LSIL)
  • High-grade (HSIL)
  • Possibly cancerous (malignant)

If a Pap smear shows abnormal cells or cervical dysplasia, further testing or monitoring will be recommended:

  • Follow-up Pap smears may be recommended for mild cases
  • Colposcopy-directed biopsy can confirm the condition
  • Cone biopsy may be done after colposcopy

Dysplasia that is seen on a biopsy of the cervix is called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). It is grouped into three categories:

  • CIN I -- mild dysplasia
  • CIN II -- moderate to marked dysplasia
  • CIN III -- severe dysplasia to carcinoma in situ

Some strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known to cause cervical cancer. An HPV DNA test can identify the high-risk types of HPV linked to such cancer. This may be done:

  • As a screening test for women over age 30
  • For women of any age who have a slightly abnormal Pap test result

Treatment options

Treatment depends on the degree of dysplasia. Mild dysplasia (LSIL or CIN I) may go away on its own.

  • You may only need careful observation by your doctor with repeat Pap smears every 3 - 6 months.
  • If the changes do not go away or get worse, treatment is necessary.

Treatment for moderate-to-severe dysplasia or mild dysplasia that does not go away may include:

  • Cryosurgery to freeze abnormal cells
  • Laser therapy, which uses light to burn away abnormal tissue
  • LEEP (loop electrosurgical excision procedure), which uses electricity to remove abnormal tissue
  • Surgery to remove the abnormal tissue (cone biopsy)

Rarely, a hysterectomy may be needed. Women treated for dysplasia need close follow-up, usually every 3 to 6 months or as recommended by their provider.

Where to find medical care for Cervical dysplasia?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cervical dysplasia

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment cure nearly all cases of cervical dysplasia. Sometimes, the condition returns.

Without treatment, severe cervical dysplasia may develop invasive cancer. It can take 10 or more years for cervical dysplasia to develop into cancer. The risk of cancer is lower for mild dysplasia.

  1. REDIRECTCervical cancer primary prevention

Sources

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001491.htm

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