Carcinoma of the penis causes

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Editor(s)-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753

Overview

Penile cancer is caused by an infection with human papillomavirus.

Human papillomavirus^[1]

Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with penile cancer. Most sexually active men will be exposed to HPV at some time in their life.
The types of HPV are often grouped into low and high risk according to their association with cancer.

Low-risk HPV types such as 6 and 11 rarely cause cancer, but they can cause warts on or around the genitals. Men with penile cancer often report having a history of genital warts.
High-risk HPV types are more likely to lead to cancer. In particular, HPV types 16 and 18 are linked to penile cancer. The exact role that these viruses play in the development of penile cancer is not clear.