CDX1: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 02:09, 25 October 2017

Homeobox protein CDX-1 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the CDX1 gene.^[1]^[2] CDX1 is expressed in the developing endoderm and its expression persists in the intestine throughout adulthood.^[3] CDX1 protein expression varies along the intestine, with high expression in intestinal crypts and diminishing expression along intestinal villi.^[4]

Function

This gene is a member of the caudal-related homeobox transcription factor family. The encoded DNA-binding protein regulates intestine-specific gene expression and enterocyte differentiation. It has been shown to induce expression of the intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene, and inhibit beta-catenin/T-cell factor transcriptional activity.^[2]

CDX1 has also been shown to play an important role in embryonic epicardial development. It has been demonstrated that CDX proteins suppress cardiac differentiation in both zebrafish and mouse embryonic stem cells, but the overall mechanism for how this happens is poorly understood.^[5] However, CDX1 has been shown to be transiently expressed in the embryonic heart 11.5 days post coitum (dpc). This transient expression is thought to induce epicardial epithelial-to-mesynchemal transition and thus proper cardiovascular formation. It has been shown that low-dose CDX1 induction caused enhanced migration and differentiation of epicardium-derived cells into vascular smooth muscle, where as continued high dose induction of CDX1 or CDX1 deficiency diminished the ability of these cells to migrate and differentiate into smooth muscle by the actions of TGF-β1. Furthermore, CDX1 induction also altered transcript expression of genes related to cell adhesions for EMT and angiogenesis.^[6] Therefore, along with its known roles in intestinal patterning and differentiation, CDX1 is also shown to be important in epicardial development.

References

↑ Bonner CA, Loftus SK, Wasmuth JJ (July 1995). "Isolation, characterization, and precise physical localization of human CDX1, a caudal-type homeobox gene". Genomics. 28 (2): 206–11. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1132. PMID 8530027.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "Entrez Gene: CDX1 caudal type homeobox transcription factor 1".
↑ Grainger S, Hryniuk A, Lohnes D (2013). "Cdx1 and Cdx2 exhibit transcriptional specificity in the intestine". PLoS One. 8 (1): e54757. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054757. PMC 3559873. PMID 23382958.
↑ Barker N, van Es JH, Kuipers J, Kujala P, van den Born M, Cozijnsen M, Haegebarth A, Korving J, Begthel H, Peters PJ, Clevers H (October 2007). "Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5". Nature. 449 (7165): 1003–7. doi:10.1038/nature06196. PMID 17934449.
↑ Lengerke C, Wingert R, Beeretz M, Grauer M, Schmidt AG, Konantz M, Daley GQ, Davidson AJ (June 2011). "Interactions between Cdx genes and retinoic acid modulate early cardiogenesis". Developmental Biology. 354 (1): 134–42. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.03.027. PMC 3502019. PMID 21466798.
↑ Chu M, Wang L, Wang H, Shen T, Yang Y, Sun Y, Tang N, Ni T, Zhu J, Mailman RB, Wang Y (2014). "A novel role of CDX1 in embryonic epicardial development". PLoS One. 9 (7): e103271. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103271. PMC 4113346. PMID 25068460.

External links

Human CDX1 genome location and CDX1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
CDX1+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 5 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[pmid8530027-1] Bonner CA, Loftus SK, Wasmuth JJ (July 1995). "Isolation, characterization, and precise physical localization of human CDX1, a caudal-type homeobox gene". Genomics. 28 (2): 206–11. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1132. PMID 8530027.

[entrez-2] 2.0 ^2.1 "Entrez Gene: CDX1 caudal type homeobox transcription factor 1".

[pmid23382958-3] Grainger S, Hryniuk A, Lohnes D (2013). "Cdx1 and Cdx2 exhibit transcriptional specificity in the intestine". PLoS One. 8 (1): e54757. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054757. PMC 3559873. PMID 23382958.

[pmid17934449-4] Barker N, van Es JH, Kuipers J, Kujala P, van den Born M, Cozijnsen M, Haegebarth A, Korving J, Begthel H, Peters PJ, Clevers H (October 2007). "Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5". Nature. 449 (7165): 1003–7. doi:10.1038/nature06196. PMID 17934449.

[pmid21466798-5] Lengerke C, Wingert R, Beeretz M, Grauer M, Schmidt AG, Konantz M, Daley GQ, Davidson AJ (June 2011). "Interactions between Cdx genes and retinoic acid modulate early cardiogenesis". Developmental Biology. 354 (1): 134–42. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.03.027. PMC 3502019. PMID 21466798.

[pmid25068460-6] Chu M, Wang L, Wang H, Shen T, Yang Y, Sun Y, Tang N, Ni T, Zhu J, Mailman RB, Wang Y (2014). "A novel role of CDX1 in embryonic epicardial development". PLoS One. 9 (7): e103271. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103271. PMC 4113346. PMID 25068460.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
+{{Infobox_gene}}
-{{PBB_Controls
+'''Homeobox protein CDX-1''' is a [[protein]] in humans that is encoded by the ''CDX1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8530027">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bonner CA, Loftus SK, Wasmuth JJ | title = Isolation, characterization, and precise physical localization of human CDX1, a caudal-type homeobox gene | journal = Genomics | volume = 28 | issue = 2 | pages = 206–11 | date = July 1995 | pmid = 8530027 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.1132 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CDX1 caudal type homeobox transcription factor 1| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1044| accessdate = }}</ref> CDX1 is expressed in the developing endoderm and its expression persists in the intestine throughout adulthood.<ref name="pmid23382958">{{cite journal | vauthors = Grainger S, Hryniuk A, Lohnes D | title = Cdx1 and Cdx2 exhibit transcriptional specificity in the intestine | journal = PLoS One | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = e54757 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23382958 | pmc = 3559873 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0054757 }}</ref> CDX1 protein expression varies along the intestine, with high expression in intestinal crypts and diminishing expression along intestinal villi.<ref name="pmid17934449">{{cite journal | vauthors = Barker N, van Es JH, Kuipers J, Kujala P, van den Born M, Cozijnsen M, Haegebarth A, Korving J, Begthel H, Peters PJ, Clevers H | title = Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5 | journal = Nature | volume = 449 | issue = 7165 | pages = 1003–7 | date = October 2007 | pmid = 17934449 | doi = 10.1038/nature06196 }}</ref>
-| update_page = yes
-| require_manual_inspection = no
-| update_protein_box = yes
-| update_summary = yes
-| update_citations = yes
-}}
-<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
+== Function ==
-{{GNF_Protein_box
- | image =
- | image_source =
- | PDB =
- | Name = Caudal type homeobox transcription factor 1
- | HGNCid = 1805
- | Symbol = CDX1
- | AltSymbols =; MGC116915
- | OMIM = 600746
- | ECnumber =
- | Homologene = 1366
- | MGIid = 88360
- | GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CDX1_206430_at_tn.png
- | Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043565 |text = sequence-specific DNA binding}}
- | Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
- | Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007389 |text = pattern specification process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009887 |text = organ morphogenesis}}
- | Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
-    | Hs_EntrezGene = 1044
-    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000113722
-    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001795
-    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001804
-    | Hs_GenLoc_db =
-    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 5
-    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 149526633
-    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 149544256
-    | Hs_Uniprot = P47902
-    | Mm_EntrezGene = 12590
-    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000024619
-    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009880
-    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034010
-    | Mm_GenLoc_db =
-    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 18
-    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 61144231
-    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 61161568
-    | Mm_Uniprot = P18111
-  }}
-}}
-'''Caudal type homeobox transcription factor 1''', also known as '''CDX1''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CDX1 caudal type homeobox transcription factor 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1044| accessdate = }}</ref>
-<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
+This gene is a member of the [[Caudal (protein)|caudal]]-related [[homeobox]] [[transcription factor]] family. The encoded DNA-binding protein regulates intestine-specific gene expression and enterocyte differentiation. It has been shown to induce expression of the intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene, and inhibit beta-catenin/T-cell factor transcriptional activity.<ref name="entrez" />
-{{PBB_Summary
-| section_title =
-| summary_text = This gene is a member of the caudal-related homeobox transcription factor gene family. The encoded DNA-binding protein regulates intestine-specific gene expression and enterocyte differentiation. It has been shown to induce expression of the intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene, and inhibit beta-catenin/T-cell factor transcriptional activity.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CDX1 caudal type homeobox transcription factor 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1044| accessdate = }}</ref>
-}}
-==References==
+CDX1 has also been shown to play an important role in embryonic epicardial development. It has been demonstrated that CDX proteins suppress cardiac differentiation in both zebrafish and mouse embryonic stem cells, but the overall mechanism for how this happens is poorly understood.<ref name="pmid21466798">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lengerke C, Wingert R, Beeretz M, Grauer M, Schmidt AG, Konantz M, Daley GQ, Davidson AJ | title = Interactions between Cdx genes and retinoic acid modulate early cardiogenesis | journal = Developmental Biology | volume = 354 | issue = 1 | pages = 134–42 | date = June 2011 | pmid = 21466798 | pmc = 3502019 | doi = 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.03.027 }}</ref> However, CDX1 has been shown to be transiently expressed in the embryonic heart 11.5 days post coitum (dpc). This transient expression is thought to induce epicardial epithelial-to-mesynchemal transition and thus proper cardiovascular formation. It has been shown that low-dose CDX1 induction caused enhanced migration and differentiation of epicardium-derived cells into vascular smooth muscle, where as continued high dose induction of CDX1 or CDX1 deficiency diminished the ability of these cells to migrate and differentiate into smooth muscle by the actions of TGF-β1. Furthermore, CDX1 induction also altered transcript expression of genes related to cell adhesions for EMT and angiogenesis.<ref name="pmid25068460">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chu M, Wang L, Wang H, Shen T, Yang Y, Sun Y, Tang N, Ni T, Zhu J, Mailman RB, Wang Y | title = A novel role of CDX1 in embryonic epicardial development | journal = PLoS One | volume = 9 | issue = 7 | pages = e103271 | year = 2014 | pmid = 25068460 | pmc = 4113346 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0103271 }}</ref> Therefore, along with its known roles in intestinal patterning and differentiation, CDX1 is also shown to be important in epicardial development.
-{{reflist|2}}
-==Further reading==
+== References ==
+{{reflist}}
+== Further reading ==
 {{refbegin | 2}}
-{{PBB_Further_reading
+* {{cite journal | vauthors =  | title = Positional cloning of a gene involved in the pathogenesis of Treacher Collins syndrome. The Treacher Collins Syndrome Collaborative Group | journal = Nature Genetics | volume = 12 | issue = 2 | pages = 130–6 | date = February 1996 | pmid = 8563749 | doi = 10.1038/ng0296-130 }}
-| citations =
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mallo GV, Rechreche H, Frigerio JM, Rocha D, Zweibaum A, Lacasa M, Jordan BR, Dusetti NJ, Dagorn JC, Iovanna JL | title = Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of the mRNA encoding human Cdx1 and Cdx2 homeobox. Down-regulation of Cdx1 and Cdx2 mRNA expression during colorectal carcinogenesis | journal = International Journal of Cancer | volume = 74 | issue = 1 | pages = 35–44 | date = February 1997 | pmid = 9036867 | doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970220)74:1<35::AID-IJC7>3.0.CO;2-1 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Bonner CA, Loftus SK, Wasmuth JJ |title=Isolation, characterization, and precise physical localization of human CDX1, a caudal-type homeobox gene. |journal=Genomics |volume=28 |issue= 2 |pages= 206-11 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8530027 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1995.1132 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mizoshita T, Inada K, Tsukamoto T, Kodera Y, Yamamura Y, Hirai T, Kato T, Joh T, Itoh M, Tatematsu M | title = Expression of Cdx1 and Cdx2 mRNAs and relevance of this expression to differentiation in human gastrointestinal mucosa--with special emphasis on participation in intestinal metaplasia of the human stomach | journal = Gastric Cancer | volume = 4 | issue = 4 | pages = 185–91 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11846061 | doi = 10.1007/PL00011741 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author= |title=Positional cloning of a gene involved in the pathogenesis of Treacher Collins syndrome. The Treacher Collins Syndrome Collaborative Group. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=12 |issue= 2 |pages= 130-6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8563749 |doi= 10.1038/ng0296-130 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suh ER, Ha CS, Rankin EB, Toyota M, Traber PG | title = DNA methylation down-regulates CDX1 gene expression in colorectal cancer cell lines | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 39 | pages = 35795–800 | date = September 2002 | pmid = 12124393 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M205567200 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Mallo GV, Rechreche H, Frigerio JM, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of the mRNA encoding human Cdx1 and Cdx2 homeobox. Down-regulation of Cdx1 and Cdx2 mRNA expression during colorectal carcinogenesis. |journal=Int. J. Cancer |volume=74 |issue= 1 |pages= 35-44 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9036867 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Domon-Dell C, Schneider A, Moucadel V, Guerin E, Guenot D, Aguillon S, Duluc I, Martin E, Iovanna J, Launay JF, Duclos B, Chenard MP, Meyer C, Oudet P, Kedinger M, Gaub MP, Freund JN | title = Cdx1 homeobox gene during human colon cancer progression | journal = Oncogene | volume = 22 | issue = 39 | pages = 7913–21 | date = September 2003 | pmid = 12970739 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1206756 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Mizoshita T, Inada K, Tsukamoto T, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of Cdx1 and Cdx2 mRNAs and relevance of this expression to differentiation in human gastrointestinal mucosa--with special emphasis on participation in intestinal metaplasia of the human stomach. |journal=Gastric Cancer |volume=4 |issue= 4 |pages= 185-91 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11846061 |doi=  }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wong NA, Britton MP, Choi GS, Stanton TK, Bicknell DC, Wilding JL, Bodmer WF | title = Loss of CDX1 expression in colorectal carcinoma: promoter methylation, mutation, and loss of heterozygosity analyses of 37 cell lines | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 101 | issue = 2 | pages = 574–9 | date = January 2004 | pmid = 14704280 | pmc = 327189 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0307190101 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Suh ER, Ha CS, Rankin EB, ''et al.'' |title=DNA methylation down-regulates CDX1 gene expression in colorectal cancer cell lines. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 39 |pages= 35795-800 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12124393 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M205567200 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Rankin EB, Xu W, Silberg DG, Suh E | title = Putative intestine-specific enhancers located in 5' sequence of the CDX1 gene regulate CDX1 expression in the intestine | journal = American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology | volume = 286 | issue = 5 | pages = G872-80 | date = May 2004 | pmid = 14715525 | doi = 10.1152/ajpgi.00326.2003 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Béland M, Pilon N, Houle M, Oh K, Sylvestre JR, Prinos P, Lohnes D | title = Cdx1 autoregulation is governed by a novel Cdx1-LEF1 transcription complex | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 24 | issue = 11 | pages = 5028–38 | date = June 2004 | pmid = 15143193 | pmc = 416402 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.24.11.5028-5038.2004 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Domon-Dell C, Schneider A, Moucadel V, ''et al.'' |title=Cdx1 homeobox gene during human colon cancer progression. |journal=Oncogene |volume=22 |issue= 39 |pages= 7913-21 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12970739 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1206756 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Guo RJ, Huang E, Ezaki T, Patel N, Sinclair K, Wu J, Klein P, Suh ER, Lynch JP | title = Cdx1 inhibits human colon cancer cell proliferation by reducing beta-catenin/T-cell factor transcriptional activity | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 35 | pages = 36865–75 | date = August 2004 | pmid = 15215241 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M405213200 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Wong NA, Britton MP, Choi GS, ''et al.'' |title=Loss of CDX1 expression in colorectal carcinoma: promoter methylation, mutation, and loss of heterozygosity analyses of 37 cell lines. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=101 |issue= 2 |pages= 574-9 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14704280 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0307190101 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Alkhoury F, Malo MS, Mozumder M, Mostafa G, Hodin RA | title = Differential regulation of intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene expression by Cdx1 and Cdx2 | journal = American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology | volume = 289 | issue = 2 | pages = G285-90 | date = August 2005 | pmid = 15774940 | doi = 10.1152/ajpgi.00037.2005 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Rankin EB, Xu W, Silberg DG, Suh E |title=Putative intestine-specific enhancers located in 5' sequence of the CDX1 gene regulate CDX1 expression in the intestine. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. |volume=286 |issue= 5 |pages= G872-80 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14715525 |doi= 10.1152/ajpgi.00326.2003 }}
+* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wong NA, Wilding J, Bartlett S, Liu Y, Warren BF, Piris J, Maynard N, Marshall R, Bodmer WF | title = CDX1 is an important molecular mediator of Barrett's metaplasia | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 102 | issue = 21 | pages = 7565–70 | date = May 2005 | pmid = 15894614 | pmc = 1140438 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0502031102 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Béland M, Pilon N, Houle M, ''et al.'' |title=Cdx1 autoregulation is governed by a novel Cdx1-LEF1 transcription complex. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=24 |issue= 11 |pages= 5028-38 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15143193 |doi= 10.1128/MCB.24.11.5028-5038.2004 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Guo RJ, Huang E, Ezaki T, ''et al.'' |title=Cdx1 inhibits human colon cancer cell proliferation by reducing beta-catenin/T-cell factor transcriptional activity. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 35 |pages= 36865-75 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15215241 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M405213200 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Alkhoury F, Malo MS, Mozumder M, ''et al.'' |title=Differential regulation of intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene expression by Cdx1 and Cdx2. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. |volume=289 |issue= 2 |pages= G285-90 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15774940 |doi= 10.1152/ajpgi.00037.2005 }}
-*{{cite journal  | author=Wong NA, Wilding J, Bartlett S, ''et al.'' |title=CDX1 is an important molecular mediator of Barrett's metaplasia. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=102 |issue= 21 |pages= 7565-70 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15894614 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0502031102 }}
-}}
 {{refend}}
 == External links ==
+* {{UCSC gene info|CDX1}}
 * {{MeshName|CDX1+protein,+human}}
+{{NLM content}}
+{{Transcription factors|g3}}
-{{protein-stub}}
-{{NLM content}}
-{{Transcription factors}}
 [[Category:Transcription factors]]
-{{WikiDoc Sources}}
+{{gene-5-stub}}

CDX1: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 02:09, 25 October 2017

Contents

Function

References

Further reading

External links

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