Brain Stem Gliomas classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

Brainstem gliomas may be classified into four subtypes: diffuse, focal, dorsal exophytic, and cervicomedullary.

Classification

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brainstem gliomas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diffuse brainstem glioma
 
 
 
 
 
 
Focal brainstem glioma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
exophytic
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cervicomedullary
 

Brainstem gliomas may be classified into 4 subtypes:

  • Diffuse brainstem glioma
  • Focal brainstem glioma
    • Tectal plate glioma
    • Other focal gliomas
  • (Dorsally) exophytic
  • Cervicomedullary
    • Probably an artificial group made up of the downward extension of true brainstem gliomas or upward extension of upper cervical cord intramedullary spinal cord tumors.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brainstem gliomas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diffuse brainstem glioma
 
 
 
 
 
 
Focal brainstem glioma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
exophytic
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cervicomedullary
 

References

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Diseases Symptoms Physical Examination Diagnostic tests Past medical history Other Findings
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