Bowel obstruction other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Other diagnostic studies for bowel obstruction include contrast studies, which demonstrate dilated proximal bowel loops, point of transition, and complete obstruction. Contrast enema is useful in those who have had a previous surgical reconstruction of the bowel. Enteroclysis is a useful study in those with chronic or recurrent bowel obstruction. | Other diagnostic studies for bowel obstruction include [[contrast]] studies, which demonstrate dilated [[proximal]] [[bowel]] loops, point of transition, and complete obstruction. [[Contrast]] [[enema]] is useful in those who have had a previous surgical reconstruction of the [[bowel]]. [[Enteroclysis]] is a useful study in those with chronic or recurrent bowel obstruction. | ||
==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ||
*Contrast studies may be helpful in the diagnosis of bowel obstruction. Findings suggestive of bowel obstruction include:<ref name="pmid22268199">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mullan CP, Siewert B, Eisenberg RL |title=Small bowel obstruction |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=198 |issue=2 |pages=W105–17 |year=2012 |pmid=22268199 |doi=10.2214/AJR.10.4998 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9528871">{{cite journal |vauthors=Makanjuola D |title=Computed tomography compared with small bowel enema in clinically equivocal intestinal obstruction |journal=Clin Radiol |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=203–8 |year=1998 |pmid=9528871 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1992631">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shrake PD, Rex DK, Lappas JC, Maglinte DD |title=Radiographic evaluation of suspected small bowel obstruction |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=86 |issue=2 |pages=175–8 |year=1991 |pmid=1992631 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *[[Contrast]] studies may be helpful in the diagnosis of bowel obstruction. Findings suggestive of bowel obstruction include:<ref name="pmid22268199">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mullan CP, Siewert B, Eisenberg RL |title=Small bowel obstruction |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=198 |issue=2 |pages=W105–17 |year=2012 |pmid=22268199 |doi=10.2214/AJR.10.4998 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9528871">{{cite journal |vauthors=Makanjuola D |title=Computed tomography compared with small bowel enema in clinically equivocal intestinal obstruction |journal=Clin Radiol |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=203–8 |year=1998 |pmid=9528871 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1992631">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shrake PD, Rex DK, Lappas JC, Maglinte DD |title=Radiographic evaluation of suspected small bowel obstruction |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=86 |issue=2 |pages=175–8 |year=1991 |pmid=1992631 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Proximal dilated bowel loop | **Proximal dilated [[bowel]] loop | ||
**Distal obstruction | **Distal obstruction | ||
***Usually void of contrast media if a complete obstruction | ***Usually void of [[contrast]] media if a complete obstruction | ||
**Point of transition | **Point of transition | ||
***Can indicate the position of blockage and distinguish between proximal and distal segment of the bowel | ***Can indicate the position of blockage and distinguish between [[proximal]] and [[distal]] segment of the [[bowel]] | ||
===Limitations of contrast studies=== | ===Limitations of contrast studies=== | ||
*Etiology cannot be determined | *[[Etiology]] cannot be determined | ||
*Contraindicated in strangulated bowel loops | *Contraindicated in strangulated [[bowel]] loops | ||
*May miss transition point as contrast may become diluted and therefore, visualization of bowel may be lost | *May miss transition point as [[contrast]] may become diluted and therefore, visualization of [[bowel]] may be lost | ||
*Cannot identify closed loop obstruction or ischemia | *Cannot identify closed loop obstruction or [[ischemia]] | ||
===Further studies=== | ===Further studies=== | ||
*Other diagnostic studies for bowel obstruction include: | *Other diagnostic studies for bowel obstruction include: | ||
**'''Contrast enema''', which is useful in the presence of: | **'''[[Contrast]] enema''', which is useful in the presence of: | ||
***Proctocolectomy with an ileoanal J-pouch | ***[[Proctocolectomy]] with an ileoanal J-pouch | ||
***Subtotal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis | ***Subtotal [[colectomy]] and ileorectal [[anastomosis]] | ||
****Water-based contrast is preferred over barium | ****Water-based [[contrast]] is preferred over [[barium]] | ||
**'''Enteroclysis''' introduces both air and media (methylcellulose) into the bowel, and demonstrates: | **'''[[Enteroclysis]]''' introduces both air and media ([[methylcellulose]]) into the [[bowel]], and demonstrates: | ||
***Stenosis of the bowel | ***[[Stenosis]] of the [[bowel]] | ||
***Prolonged bowel transit time | ***Prolonged [[bowel]] transit time | ||
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[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | [[Category:Up-To-Date]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | | ||
[[Category:Radiology]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
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Revision as of 22:33, 7 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Other diagnostic studies for bowel obstruction include contrast studies, which demonstrate dilated proximal bowel loops, point of transition, and complete obstruction. Contrast enema is useful in those who have had a previous surgical reconstruction of the bowel. Enteroclysis is a useful study in those with chronic or recurrent bowel obstruction.
Other Diagnostic Studies
- Contrast studies may be helpful in the diagnosis of bowel obstruction. Findings suggestive of bowel obstruction include:[1][2][3]
Limitations of contrast studies
- Etiology cannot be determined
- Contraindicated in strangulated bowel loops
- May miss transition point as contrast may become diluted and therefore, visualization of bowel may be lost
- Cannot identify closed loop obstruction or ischemia
Further studies
- Other diagnostic studies for bowel obstruction include:
- Contrast enema, which is useful in the presence of:
- Proctocolectomy with an ileoanal J-pouch
- Subtotal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis
- Enteroclysis introduces both air and media (methylcellulose) into the bowel, and demonstrates:
- Contrast enema, which is useful in the presence of:
References
- ↑ Mullan CP, Siewert B, Eisenberg RL (2012). "Small bowel obstruction". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198 (2): W105–17. doi:10.2214/AJR.10.4998. PMID 22268199.
- ↑ Makanjuola D (1998). "Computed tomography compared with small bowel enema in clinically equivocal intestinal obstruction". Clin Radiol. 53 (3): 203–8. PMID 9528871.
- ↑ Shrake PD, Rex DK, Lappas JC, Maglinte DD (1991). "Radiographic evaluation of suspected small bowel obstruction". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 86 (2): 175–8. PMID 1992631.