Basal cell carcinoma natural history

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.

Overview

Basal cell carcinoma is slow-growing and locally invasive. Common complications of BCC include reoccurrence and development of other types of skin cancer.

Natural History

  • Patients with basal cell carcinoma are often asymptomatic.
  • Basal cell carcinoma is slow-growing and locally invasive.
  • The overall risk of metastases is estimated to be less than 0.1%.
  • The risk of invasion and recurrence is based on size, duration, location and subtype (sclerodermiform/morpheaform and micronodular clinical variants have a higher risk).
  • Even without a recurrence, a personal history of basal cell carcinoma increases the risk of developing all types of skin cancers.

Complications

Complications of basal cell carcinoma are the following:

Prognosis

  • Prognosis of basal cell carcinoma is usually excellent.
  • Although basal cell carcinoma rarely metastasizes, it grows locally with invasion and destruction of local tissues, without stopping.
  • The cancer can impinge on vital structures and result in loss of extension or loss of function or rarely death.
  • The vast majority of cases can be successfully treated before serious complications occur.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Evans, D G; Ladusans, E J; Rimmer, S; Burnell, L D; Thakker, N; Farndon, P A (1993). "Complications of the naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome: results of a population based study". Journal of Medical Genetics. 30 (6): 460–464. doi:10.1136/jmg.30.6.460. ISSN 1468-6244.


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