Basal cell carcinoma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maneesha Nandimandalam, M.B.B.S.[2], Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
The annual incidence of basal cell carcinoma in the United States is approximately 2.8 million which increases with increasing age. Men and white skinned people are affected relatively more, especially in states closer to the equator.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
Age
- The incidence of basal cell carcinoma increases with age.[2]
- The incidence rate doubles from 40 to 70 years of age.
- The incidence rate for those aged below 40 years is also increasing.
Gender
- Although both are affected, the incidence in males>females.[3]
- This can be explained by gender differences in sun exposure habits and awareness of skin conditions.
- Men are also less likely to seek medical attention, allowing the more advanced development of skin cancer in comparison with women.
Race
- Although it is observed in all races, dark skinned people are less commonly affected than fair skinned ones.
- Whites of celtic ancestry have the highest risk for basal cell cancer.
- Incidence is low in blacks, Asians, and Hispanics
Developed and Developing Countries
- States closer to the equator, such as Hawaii and California, have a higher incidence of basal cell carcinoma compared to midwestern states[4][5]
- An increasing incidence over time has also been noted in other countries, such as Canada, Finland, and Australia[6][7][8]
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer among the Far-east Asian race[9]
- Majority of Far-east Asian race are Chinese (44.2%), Malays (32.6%), Bidayuhs (14.0%), and Ibans (6.9%)[9]
References
- ↑ Mohan SV, Chang AL (2014). "Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology and Therapeutic Innovations". Curr Dermatol Rep. 3: 40–45. doi:10.1007/s13671-014-0069-y. PMC 3931971. PMID 24587976.
- ↑ Cameron, Michael C.; Lee, Erica; Hibler, Brian P.; Barker, Christopher A.; Mori, Shoko; Cordova, Miguel; Nehal, Kishwer S.; Rossi, Anthony M. (2019). "Basal cell carcinoma". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 80 (2): 303–317. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.060. ISSN 0190-9622.
- ↑ Lomas, A.; Leonardi-Bee, J.; Bath-Hextall, F. (2012). "A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer". British Journal of Dermatology. 166 (5): 1069–1080. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10830.x. ISSN 0007-0963.
- ↑ Chuang TY, Popescu A, Su WP, Chute CG (1990). "Basal cell carcinoma. A population-based incidence study in Rochester, Minnesota". J Am Acad Dermatol. 22 (3): 413–7. PMID 2312827.
- ↑ Reizner GT, Chuang TY, Elpern DJ, Stone JL, Farmer ER (1993). "Basal cell carcinoma in Kauai, Hawaii: the highest documented incidence in the United States". J Am Acad Dermatol. 29 (2 Pt 1): 184–9. PMID 8335736.
- ↑ Hannuksela-Svahn A, Pukkala E, Karvonen J (1999). "Basal cell skin carcinoma and other nonmelanoma skin cancers in Finland from 1956 through 1995". Arch Dermatol. 135 (7): 781–6. PMID 10411152.
- ↑ Marks R, Staples M, Giles GG (1993). "Trends in non-melanocytic skin cancer treated in Australia: the second national survey". Int J Cancer. 53 (4): 585–90. PMID 8436431.
- ↑ Demers AA, Nugent Z, Mihalcioiu C, Wiseman MC, Kliewer EV (2005). "Trends of nonmelanoma skin cancer from 1960 through 2000 in a Canadian population". J Am Acad Dermatol. 53 (2): 320–8. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.03.043. PMID 16021129.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Yap FB (2010). "Clinical characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in a tertiary hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia". Int J Dermatol. 49 (2): 176–9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04342.x. PMID 20465642.