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==Electromyography==
==Overview==
Electrodiagnostic procedures include electromyography ([[EMG]]), nerve conduction studies, and evoked potential (EP) studies. EMG assesses the electrical activity in a nerve and can detect if muscle weakness results from injury or a problem with the nerves that control the muscles. Very fine needles are inserted in muscles to measure electrical activity transmitted from the brain or spinal cord to a particular area of the body. With nerve conduction studies the doctor uses two sets of electrodes (similar to those used during an [[electrocardiogram]]) that are placed on the skin over the muscles. The first set gives the patient a mild shock to stimulate the nerve that runs to a particular muscle. The second set of electrodes is used to make a recording of the nerve’s electrical signals, and from this information the doctor can determine if there is nerve damage. EP tests also involve two sets of electrodes — one set to stimulate a sensory nerve and the other set on the scalp to record the speed of nerve signal transmissions to the brain.
Other [[diagnostic]] studies for [[back]] [[pain]]  include [[electromyography]], [[nerve conduction studies]], [[somatosensory evoked potentials]], and/or [[diagnostics]] [[injections]].
 
==Other Diagnostic Studies==
*[[Electromyography]] detects [[muscular]] electrical activity.<ref name="pmid11189927">{{cite journal| author=Linsiński P| title=Surface EMG in chronic low back pain. | journal=Eur Spine J | year= 2000 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 559-62 | pmid=11189927 | doi=10.1007/s005860000131 | pmc=3611419 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11189927  }} </ref>
*[[Nerve conduction studies]] (NCS) is used to detect [[nerve conduction]]. Any slowdown noticed could indicate [[nerve]] [[dysfunction]].<ref name="pmid21046922">{{cite journal| author=Ghugare B, Das P, Ghate J, Patond K, Koranne M, Singh R| title=Assessment of nerve conduction in evaluation of radiculopathy among chronic low back pain patients without clinical neurodeficit. | journal=Indian J Physiol Pharmacol | year= 2010 | volume= 54 | issue= 1 | pages= 63-8 | pmid=21046922 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21046922  }} </ref>
* [[Somatosensory evoked potentials]] ([[SSEP]]) may be ordered of [[spinal cord]] [[dysfunction]] is suspected.<ref name="pmid19569944">{{cite journal| author=Liu X, Konno S, Miyamoto M, Gembun Y, Horiguchi G, Ito H| title=Clinical usefulness of assessing lumbar somatosensory evoked potentials in lumbar spinal stenosis. Clinical article. | journal=J Neurosurg Spine | year= 2009 | volume= 11 | issue= 1 | pages= 71-8 | pmid=19569944 | doi=10.3171/2009.3.SPINE08513 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19569944  }} </ref>
*[[Diagnostics]] [[injections]] are used to identify the source of [[pain]]. This process uses an [[anesthetic]] agent, complete [[pain relief]] after the [[injection]] identifies the source of the [[pain]] and partial [[pain relief]] means an additional source is causing the [[pain]].<ref name="pmid6223258">{{cite journal| author=White AH| title=Injection techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of low back pain. | journal=Orthop Clin North Am | year= 1983 | volume= 14 | issue= 3 | pages= 553-67 | pmid=6223258 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6223258  }} </ref>


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 17:37, 24 May 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Other diagnostic studies for back pain include electromyography, nerve conduction studies, somatosensory evoked potentials, and/or diagnostics injections.

Other Diagnostic Studies

References

  1. Linsiński P (2000). "Surface EMG in chronic low back pain". Eur Spine J. 9 (6): 559–62. doi:10.1007/s005860000131. PMC 3611419. PMID 11189927.
  2. Ghugare B, Das P, Ghate J, Patond K, Koranne M, Singh R (2010). "Assessment of nerve conduction in evaluation of radiculopathy among chronic low back pain patients without clinical neurodeficit". Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 54 (1): 63–8. PMID 21046922.
  3. Liu X, Konno S, Miyamoto M, Gembun Y, Horiguchi G, Ito H (2009). "Clinical usefulness of assessing lumbar somatosensory evoked potentials in lumbar spinal stenosis. Clinical article". J Neurosurg Spine. 11 (1): 71–8. doi:10.3171/2009.3.SPINE08513. PMID 19569944.
  4. White AH (1983). "Injection techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of low back pain". Orthop Clin North Am. 14 (3): 553–67. PMID 6223258.

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