Autoimmune inner ear disease: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Autoimmune inner ear disease''' is a suspected [[autoimmune disease]] characterized by rapidly progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.<ref>[http://www.emedicine.com/ent/TOPIC496.HTM Inner Ear, Autoimmune (eMedicine, 2006)]</ref> It occurs when the body's [[immune system]] attacks cells in the [[inner ear]] that are mistaken for a virus or bacteria. Autoimmune inner ear disease was first described by Dr. Brian McCabe of the [[University of Iowa]] in 1979.
'''Autoimmune inner ear disease''' is a suspected [[autoimmune disease]] characterized by rapidly progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.<ref>[http://www.emedicine.com/ent/TOPIC496.HTM Inner Ear, Autoimmune (eMedicine, 2006)]</ref> It occurs when the body's [[immune system]] attacks cells in the [[inner ear]] that are mistaken for a virus or bacteria. Autoimmune inner ear disease was first described by Dr. Brian McCabe of the [[University of Iowa]] in 1979.
{{Infobox disease
|  Name          = Autoimmune inner ear disease
|  Image          = 
|  Caption        = 
|  DiseasesDB    = 
|  ICD10          = 
|  ICD9          = {{ICD9|388.8}}
|  ICDO          =
|  OMIM          = 
|  MedlinePlus    = 
|  eMedicineSubj  =
|  eMedicineTopic =
|  MeshID        =  |
}}
==Symptoms==


Symptoms of AIED are:
==Historical Perspective==


*A sudden loss of hearing in one ear, followed by a gradual loss of hearing in the second ear.
==Classification==
*A Feeling of fullness in one ear
*Vertigo
*Tinnitus


The symptoms can be easily mistaken for Otitis Media. [http://vestibular.org/autoimmune-inner-ear-disease-aied]
==Pathophysiology==


==Causes==
==Causes==
AIED is generally caused by  either antibodies or immune cells that cause damage to the inner ear. There are several autoimmune disorders to which AIED is related:
AIED is generally caused by  either antibodies or immune cells that cause damage to the inner ear. There are several autoimmune disorders to which AIED is related:


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Research has found that long term abuse of opiate-based painkillers (such as OxyContin and [[Hydrocodone]]) can lead to profound hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear, according to Dr. Gail Ishiyama, an assistant professor at the UCLA department of neurology.[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,99731,00.html]
Research has found that long term abuse of opiate-based painkillers (such as OxyContin and [[Hydrocodone]]) can lead to profound hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear, according to Dr. Gail Ishiyama, an assistant professor at the UCLA department of neurology.[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,99731,00.html]
==Differentiating Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease from other Diseases==
*The symptoms can be easily mistaken for Otitis Media. [http://vestibular.org/autoimmune-inner-ear-disease-aied].
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Age===
===Gender===
===Race===
==Risk Factors==
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Diagnostic Criteria===
===Symptoms===
*Symptoms of AIED are:
**A sudden loss of hearing in one ear, followed by a gradual loss of hearing in the second ear.
**A Feeling of fullness in one ear
**Vertigo
**Tinnitus
===Physical Examination===
===Laboratory Findings===
===Imaging Findings===
===Other Diagnostic Studies===


==Treatment==
==Treatment==
 
===Medical Therapy===
AIED treatment is a rapidly changing field. Steroids are often used in the treatment of AIED, as well as cytotoxic agents such as [[Cyclophosphamide]] and [[Methotrexate]].
AIED treatment is a rapidly changing field. Steroids are often used in the treatment of AIED, as well as cytotoxic agents such as [[Cyclophosphamide]] and [[Methotrexate]].


More recently, in order to avoid many of the side effects of steroids, alternative medications and surgical procedures are used.
More recently, in order to avoid many of the side effects of steroids, alternative medications and surgical procedures are used.
Since these change quite frequently, it is a good idea to check many sources in locating the most cutting-edge procedure for treating autoimmune inner ear disease.<ref>[http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/autoimmune/autoimmune.html#treated Autoimmune inner ear disease] at the [[American Hearing Research Foundation]], Chicago, Illinois 2008.</ref>
Since these change quite frequently, it is a good idea to check many sources in locating the most cutting-edge procedure for treating autoimmune inner ear disease.<ref>[http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/autoimmune/autoimmune.html#treated Autoimmune inner ear disease] at the [[American Hearing Research Foundation]], Chicago, Illinois 2008.</ref>
===Surgery===
===Prevention===


== Notes ==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Rheumatology]]
== External links ==
[[Category:Needs content]]
*[http://entmd.org/healthinfo/hearing/autoimmune.cfm Autoimmune inner ear disease] at [[American Academy of Otolaryngology]]
*[http://american-hearing.org/disorders/autoimmune-inner-ear-disease-aied/]
 
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]]
[[Category:Diseases of the ear and mastoid process]]
 


{{immunology-stub}}
{{immunology-stub}}

Latest revision as of 14:45, 1 July 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Autoimmune inner ear disease is a suspected autoimmune disease characterized by rapidly progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.[1] It occurs when the body's immune system attacks cells in the inner ear that are mistaken for a virus or bacteria. Autoimmune inner ear disease was first described by Dr. Brian McCabe of the University of Iowa in 1979.

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

AIED is generally caused by either antibodies or immune cells that cause damage to the inner ear. There are several autoimmune disorders to which AIED is related:

  • Bystander damage
  • Cross-reactions
  • Genetic factors
  • Drug Use (opiate-based painkillers like OxyContin)[2] [3] [4]

Research has found that long term abuse of opiate-based painkillers (such as OxyContin and Hydrocodone) can lead to profound hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear, according to Dr. Gail Ishiyama, an assistant professor at the UCLA department of neurology.[5]

Differentiating Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease from other Diseases

  • The symptoms can be easily mistaken for Otitis Media. [6].

Epidemiology and Demographics

Age

Gender

Race

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

Symptoms

  • Symptoms of AIED are:
    • A sudden loss of hearing in one ear, followed by a gradual loss of hearing in the second ear.
    • A Feeling of fullness in one ear
    • Vertigo
    • Tinnitus

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

AIED treatment is a rapidly changing field. Steroids are often used in the treatment of AIED, as well as cytotoxic agents such as Cyclophosphamide and Methotrexate.

More recently, in order to avoid many of the side effects of steroids, alternative medications and surgical procedures are used. Since these change quite frequently, it is a good idea to check many sources in locating the most cutting-edge procedure for treating autoimmune inner ear disease.[2]

Surgery

Prevention

References