Aura (symptom): Difference between revisions

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| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Neurologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Absence seizures]], [[Complex partial seizure]], [[Focal seizures]], [[Partial seizure]], [[Physiologic nonepileptic seizures]], [[Simple partial seizure]], [[Tonic-clonic seizure]], [[Epilepsy]], [[Familial hemiplegic migraine]], [[Migraine]], [[Temporal lobe epilepsy]], [[Pituitary adenoma]]|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gluten-sensitive enteropathy associated conditions]]|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Oncologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pituitary adenoma]]|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Opthalmologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Psychiatric'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Pulmonary'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Sexual'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Trauma'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Urologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Miscellaneous'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|}== History and Symptoms == * History very important*:* Type (aura)*:* Family history*:* Associated activities*:* Triggers* Symptoms postaura*:* [[Loss of consciousness]]*:* Prior trauma== Physical Examination == * Complete head and neck exam=== Neurologic ===* Complete neurologic exam== Laboratory Findings == * [[Complete blood count]] ([[CBC]])* [[Calcium]]* [[Magnesium]]* [[Glucose]]* [[Blood urea nitrogen]] ([[BUN]]) / [[creatinine]]=== Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies === * [[Electrolyte]]s=== MRI and CT === * [[CT]] for trauma of physiologic [[seizure]]* [[MRI]] rules out cerebral pathology=== Other Imaging Findings ===* [[Electroencephalogram]] ([[EEG]]) for [[seizure]] activity=== Other Diagnostic Studies ===* Toxicology screen== Treatment==* Avoidance of triggers ([[migraine]]s)* Stabilize patients with [[status epilepticus]]== Pharmacotherapy ===== Acute Pharmacotherapies === * [[NSAID]]s ([[nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs]]) ([[migraine]]s)* [[5-HT1 agonist]]s ([[migraine]]s)* [[Acetaminophen]] ([[migraine]]s)* IV [[benzodiazepine]]s ([[epilepsy]])* [[Antiepileptics]] ([[epilepsy]])An aura sensation can include:*Visual Changes.**Bright lights.**Zigzag lines.**Distortions in the size or shape of object.**[[scintillating scotoma]]***Shimmering, pulsating patches, often curved.***Tunnel Vision**[[scotoma]]***Blind or dark spots in the field of vision.***Curtain like effect over one eye.***Slowly spreading spots.**Kaleidescope effects on visual field**Total temporary monocular (in one eye) blindness. (in retinal migraine)<ref>Robert, Teri. "Living Well With Migraine Disease and Headaches." New York. HarperCollins. 2004. </ref>*Auditory changes** Hearing voices or sounds that don't exist: true [[auditory hallucinations]].** Modification of voices or sounds in the environment: buzzing, tremolo, amplitude modulation or other modulations.* Strange smells (olfactory [[hallucination]]s).* Feelings of numbness or tingling on one side of the face or body.* Feeling separated from one's body.* Feeling as if your limbs are moving independently from your body.* [[Anxiety]] or fear.* [[Nausea]].* [[Weakness]], unsteadiness.* Being unable to understand or comprehend spoken words during and after the aura.* Being unable to speak properly, despite your brain grasping what you're trying to verbalize.  ([[Aphasia]])* Feeling of power or sense of euphoria (this symptom has been associated with discontinuation of seizure treatments - the sufferer may enjoy the experience and think it worth the seizure or migraine that follows)The specific type of sensation associated with an aura can potentially be used in an attempt to localize the focus of a seizure. Auras share similar symptoms with [[stroke]]s, but onset is more gradual with auras. <ref> Better Health Channel. [http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Stroke_and_migraine?OpenDocument Stroke and Migraine.] Government of Victoria, Australia.  Accessed August 18, 2007. </ref>== See also ==* [[Hallucination]]* [[Paresthesia]]* [[Synesthesia]]* [[Simple partial seizure]]* [[Complex partial seizure]]== References ==<div class="references-small"><references /></div>== External links ==*[http://headaches.about.com/od/migrainediseas1/a/aura_ache.htm About.com aura summary]*[http://www.epilepsy.com/epilepsy/auras.html  Epilepsy.com information]*[http://www.migraine-aura.org/EN/ Migraine Aura Foundation]*[http://www.migraines.org MAGNUM, the National Migraine Association]*[http://www.epilepsy.org.uk/info/aura.html Epilepsy Action information]*[http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070809/migraines_070809/20070809?hub=TopStories Migraines with 'aura' raise women's stroke risk]{{SIB}}[[it:Aura (medicina)]][[de:Aura (Epilepsie)]]{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}{{WikiDoc Sources}}[[Category:Signs and symptoms]][[Category:Medical terms]][[Category:Symptoms]][[Category:Epilepsy]][[Category:Neurology]][[tr:Aura (semptom)]]
|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Neurologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Absence seizures]], [[Complex partial seizure]], [[Focal seizures]], [[Partial seizure]], [[Physiologic nonepileptic seizures]], [[Simple partial seizure]], [[Tonic-clonic seizure]], [[Epilepsy]], [[Familial hemiplegic migraine]], [[Migraine]], [[Temporal lobe epilepsy]], [[Pituitary adenoma]]|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Gluten-sensitive enteropathy associated conditions]]|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Oncologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pituitary adenoma]]|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Opthalmologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Psychiatric'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Pulmonary'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Sexual'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Trauma'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Urologic'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Miscellaneous'''|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes|-|}== History and Symptoms == * History very important*:* Type (aura)*:* Family history*:* Associated activities*:* Triggers* Symptoms postaura*:* [[Loss of consciousness]]*:* Prior trauma== Physical Examination == * Complete head and neck exam=== Neurologic ===* Complete neurologic exam== Laboratory Findings == * [[Complete blood count]] ([[CBC]])* [[Calcium]]* [[Magnesium]]* [[Glucose]]* [[Blood urea nitrogen]] ([[BUN]]) / [[creatinine]]=== Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies === * [[Electrolyte]]s=== MRI and CT === * [[CT]] for trauma of physiologic [[seizure]]* [[MRI]] rules out cerebral pathology=== Other Imaging Findings ===* [[Electroencephalogram]] ([[EEG]]) for [[seizure]] activity=== Other Diagnostic Studies ===* Toxicology screen== Treatment==* Avoidance of triggers ([[migraine]]s)* Stabilize patients with [[status epilepticus]]== Pharmacotherapy ===== Acute Pharmacotherapies === * [[NSAID]]s ([[nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs]]) ([[migraine]]s)* [[5-HT1 agonist]]s ([[migraine]]s)* [[Acetaminophen]] ([[migraine]]s)* IV [[benzodiazepine]]s ([[epilepsy]])* [[Antiepileptics]] ([[epilepsy]])An aura sensation can include:*Visual Changes.**Bright lights.**Zigzag lines.**Distortions in the size or shape of object.**[[scintillating scotoma]]***Shimmering, pulsating patches, often curved.***Tunnel Vision**[[scotoma]]***Blind or dark spots in the field of vision.***Curtain like effect over one eye.***Slowly spreading spots.**Kaleidescope effects on visual field**Total temporary monocular (in one eye) blindness. (in retinal migraine)<ref>Robert, Teri. "Living Well With Migraine Disease and Headaches." New York. HarperCollins. 2004. </ref>*Auditory changes** Hearing voices or sounds that don't exist: true [[auditory hallucinations]].** Modification of voices or sounds in the environment: buzzing, tremolo, amplitude modulation or other modulations.* Strange smells (olfactory [[hallucination]]s).* Feelings of numbness or tingling on one side of the face or body.* Feeling separated from one's body.* Feeling as if your limbs are moving independently from your body.* [[Anxiety]] or fear.* [[Nausea]].* [[Weakness]], unsteadiness.* Being unable to understand or comprehend spoken words during and after the aura.* Being unable to speak properly, despite your brain grasping what you're trying to verbalize.  ([[Aphasia]])* Feeling of power or sense of euphoria (this symptom has been associated with discontinuation of seizure treatments - the sufferer may enjoy the experience and think it worth the seizure or migraine that follows)The specific type of sensation associated with an aura can potentially be used in an attempt to localize the focus of a seizure. Auras share similar symptoms with [[stroke]]s, but onset is more gradual with auras. <ref> Better Health Channel. [http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Stroke_and_migraine?OpenDocument Stroke and Migraine.] Government of Victoria, Australia.  Accessed August 18, 2007. </ref>== See also ==* [[Hallucination]]* [[Paresthesia]]* [[Synesthesia]]* [[Simple partial seizure]]* [[Complex partial seizure]]== References ==<div class="references-small"><references /></div>== External links ==*[http://headaches.about.com/od/migrainediseas1/a/aura_ache.htm About.com aura summary]*[http://www.epilepsy.com/epilepsy/auras.html  Epilepsy.com information]*[http://www.migraine-aura.org/EN/ Migraine Aura Foundation]*[http://www.migraines.org MAGNUM, the National Migraine Association]*[http://www.epilepsy.org.uk/info/aura.html Epilepsy Action information]*[http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20070809/migraines_070809/20070809?hub=TopStories Migraines with 'aura' raise women's stroke risk][[it:Aura (medicina)]][[de:Aura (Epilepsie)]]{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}{{WikiDoc Sources}}[[Category:Signs and symptoms]][[Category:Medical terms]][[Category:Symptoms]][[Category:Epilepsy]][[Category:Neurology]][[tr:Aura (semptom)]]

Revision as of 22:37, 8 August 2012

Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Aura is the perceptual disturbance experienced by some migraine sufferers before a migraine headache, and the telltale sensation experienced by some people with epilepsy before a seizure. It often manifests as the perception of a strange light or an unpleasant smell.

An aura does not necessitate the onset of either a migraine or a seizure and not everyone who suffers from migraines or seizures will experience auras. Though auras tend to be an unpleasant and irritating sensation, they can be beneficial. Most injuries from seizures occur when there is no warning. Auras allow epileptics time to prevent injury to themselves. The time between the appearance of the aura and the onset of a migraine or seizure can be anything from a few seconds up to an hour. Most people who have auras have the same type of aura every time.

  • Auras can take on the following forms:
    • Auditory
    • Sensory such as olfactory (smell)
    • Visual
  • Auras can also be described as having odd odors, deja vu or dreamlike sensations
  • Can possibly be attributed to the area of the brain involved

Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Aura (symptom)

(In alphabetical order)

Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Aura (symptom)

(By organ system)

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Pituitary adenoma
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Gluten-sensitive enteropathy associated conditions
Genetic Color blindness
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
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