Asperger syndrome classification

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Asperger Syndrome Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Asperger Syndrome from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Behavioral Therapy

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Asperger syndrome classification On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Asperger syndrome classification

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Asperger syndrome classification

CDC on Asperger syndrome classification

Asperger syndrome classification in the news

Blogs on Asperger syndrome classification

Directions to Hospitals TreatingAsperger syndrome

Risk calculators and risk factors for Asperger syndrome classification

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Classification

Asperger's syndrome is one of the autism spectrum disorders (ASD) or pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), which are a spectrum of psychological conditions that are characterized by abnormalities of social interaction and communication that pervade the individual's functioning, and by restricted and repetitive interests and behavior. Like other psychological development disorders, ASD begins in infancy or childhood, has a steady course without remission or relapse, and has impairments that result from maturation-related changes in various systems of the brain.[1] ASD, in turn, is a subset of the broader autism phenotype (BAP), which describes individuals who may not have ASD but do have autistic-like traits, such as social deficits.[2] Of the other four ASD forms, autism is the most similar to AS in signs and likely causes but its diagnosis requires impaired communication and allows delay in cognitive development; Rett syndrome and childhood disintegrative disorder share several signs with autism, but may have unrelated causes; and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) is diagnosed when the criteria for a more specific disorder are unmet.[3] The extent of the overlap between AS and high-functioning autism (HFA—autism unaccompanied by mental retardation) is unclear.Witwer AN, Lecavalier L (2008). "Examining the validity of autism spectrum disorder subtypes". J Autism Dev Disord. doi:10.1007/s10803-008-0541-2. PMID 18327636. </ref>[4] The current ASD classification may not reflect the true nature of the conditions.[5]

Overview

According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)[6] released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disorders in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.

Classification

According to the Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) released by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 2013, Asperger Syndrome (AS) is in the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) category. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disorders in DSM-5 with problems in social communication/interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors/interests.

Differences Between DSM-5 and DSM-IV Classification

In DSM-IV, Asperger Syndrome (AS) was one of the 5 subtypes of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (which included: autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), and Rett syndrome). In 2013, in DSM-5, a category called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was created by combining 4 of the 5 subtypes of DSM-IV's Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) category (autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and childhood disintegrative disorder).[7]

References

  1. World Health Organization (2006). "F84. Pervasive developmental disorders". International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (10th ed. (ICD-10) ed.). Retrieved 2007-06-25.
  2. Piven J, Palmer P, Jacobi D, Childress D, Arndt S (1997). "Broader autism phenotype: evidence from a family history study of multiple-incidence autism families" (PDF). Am J Psychiatry. 154 (2): 185–90. PMID 9016266.
  3. Lord C, Cook EH, Leventhal BL, Amaral DG (2000). "Autism spectrum disorders". Neuron. 28 (2): 355–63. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)00115-X. PMID 11144346.
  4. Kasari C, Rotheram-Fuller E (2005). "Current trends in psychological research on children with high-functioning autism and Asperger disorder". Curr Opin Psychiatry. 18 (5): 497–501. PMID 16639107.
  5. Szatmari P (2000). "The classification of autism, Asperger's syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder". Can J Psychiatry. 45 (8): 731–38. PMID 11086556.
  6. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
  7. Hodges H, Fealko C, Soares N (2020). "Autism spectrum disorder: definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation". Transl Pediatr. 9 (Suppl 1): S55–S65. doi:10.21037/tp.2019.09.09. PMC 7082249 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 32206584 Check |pmid= value (help).