Aplastic anemia causes: Difference between revisions
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{{Aplastic anemia}} | {{Aplastic anemia}} | ||
'''Editor-In-Chief:''' Aric Hall, M.D., Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA[mailto:achall@bidmc.harvard.edu | '''Editor-In-Chief:''' Aric Hall, M.D., Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA [mailto:achall@bidmc.harvard.edu] | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Revision as of 13:35, 21 September 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: Aric Hall, M.D., Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA [1]
Overview
Causes
Aplastic anemia is a rare condition with incidence of two cases per million individuals per year in Western countries with rates two to three times as high in Asia.[1] This low incidence leads to difficulties in forming clear associations with causal factors.
One known cause is an autoimmune disorder, where the white blood cells attack the bone marrow.
In many cases, the etiology is impossible to determine, but aplastic anemia is sometimes associated with exposure to substances such as benzene, radiation, or to the use of certain drugs, including chloramphenicol, carbamazepine, phenytoin, quinine, and phenylbutazone. Many drugs are associated with aplasia mainly in the base of case reports but at a very low probability, As an example, chloramphenicol treatment is followed by aplasia in less than 1 in 40,000 treatment courses,and carbamazepine aplasia is even more rare.
Aplastic anaemia is present in up to 2% of patients with acute viral hepatitis.