Anaphylaxis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Symptoms
Symptoms of anaphylaxis are related to the action of (IgE) and other anaphylatoxins, which act to release histamine and other mediator substances from mast cells (degranulation). In addition to other effects, histamine induces vasodilation of arterioles and constriction of bronchioles in the lungs, also known as bronchospasm (constriction of the airways).
Symptoms can include the following:
- Abdominal pain
- Angioedema (swelling of the lips, face, neck and throat)
- Anxiety
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Encephalitis
- Fainting
- Flushed appearance
- Hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Itching
- Nasal congestion
- Palpitations
- Polyuria
- Respiratory distress
- Slurred speech
- Tears (due to angioedema and stress)
- Unconsciousness
- Urticaria (hives)
- Vomiting
The time between ingestion of the allergen and anaphylaxis symptoms can vary for some patients depending on the amount of allergen consumed and their reaction time. Symptoms can appear immediately, or can be delayed by half an hour to several hours after ingestion. However, symptoms of anaphylaxis usually appear very quickly once they do begin.