Anal fissure causes: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 15:10, 5 September 2012
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Anal fissure Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes
Most anal fissures are caused by stretching of the anal mucosa beyond its capability. Various causes of this fissure include:
- Straining to defecate, especially if the stool is hard and dry
- Severe and chronic constipation
- Severe and chronic diarrhea
- Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis
- Tight sphincter muscles
- Anal intercourse
Many acute anal fissures will heal spontaneously. Some fissures become chronic and will not heal. The most common cause for this is spasm of the internal anal sphincter muscle. This spasm causes poor blood flow to the anal mucosa, hence producing an ulcer which does not heal since it is deprived of normal blood supply.
Anal fissures are common in women after childbirth,[1] and following constipation in infants.[2]
References
- ↑ Abramowitz L, Sobhani I, Benifla JL; et al. (2002). "Anal fissure and thrombosed external hemorrhoids before and after delivery". Dis. Colon Rectum. 45 (5): 650–5. PMID 12004215.
- ↑ Martínez-Costa C, Palao Ortuño MJ, Alfaro Ponce B; et al. (2005). "[Functional constipation: prospective study and treatment response]". Anales de pediatría (Barcelona, Spain) (in Spanish; Castilian). 63 (5): 418–25. PMID 16266617.